9
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      The effects on dynamic balance of dual-tasking using smartphone functions

      research-article
      , PhD, PT 1
      Journal of Physical Therapy Science
      The Society of Physical Therapy Science
      Smart phone, Star excursion balance test, Fall

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          [Purpose] This study aimed to compare dynamic balance with respect to completing a single task while not using smartrphone function and completing two task while using different smartphone functions, therby preventing falls or injuries resulting from completion of dual tasks. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects of this study were 36 healthy males and females. The experiment was conducted for five situations: a Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) was performed (1) during single-tasking without a smartphone and during dual-tasking with a smartphone, (2) when listening to music using a smartphone, (3) when sending message using a smartphone, (4) when surfing the web using a smartphone, and (5) when playing a game using a smartphone. The condition were the same for all five experimentes. Random selection was done to prevent learing. All experiments were conducted three times, and the averaged values were used for analysis. The SEBT was performed in three directions: anterior, posterolateral, and posterormedial. In consideration the differences in leg length of the subjects, their actual leg length were measured to be used as percentages. Their leg length was measured from the anterior superior iliac spine of the femur to the medial malleolus. [Results] Compared with single task not done using a smartphone, dynamic balance statistically significantly changed for dual tasks done using a smartphone in all three directions. Dynamic balance decreased in all three directions when playing games, sending messages, web surfing, and listening to music. [Conclusion] Completing two tasks using a smartphone reduced cognitive ability, decreasing dynamic balance. Therefore, performing a single task rather than using the diverse functions of a smartphone while walking or working is considered a factor that can prevent falls and injuries.

          Related collections

          Most cited references8

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Posture control, aging, and attention resources: models and posture-analysis methods.

          This paper reviews the literature on balance and cognitive function in normal aging. The first part provides a general background of dual tasking (postural performance under a concurrent cognitive activity) and summarizes the main relevant models capable of explaining the poorer postural performance of older-healthy adults compared to younger-healthy adults: the cross-domain competition model, the nonlinear interaction model, and the task-prioritization model. In the second part, we discuss the main limitations of the traditional-posturographic analyses used in most of the dual-task investigations and explain how these can account for some discrepancies found in the literature. New methods based on the stabilogram-diffusion analysis and the wavelet transform are proposed as better approaches to understand posture control. The advantages of these new methods are illustrated in young adults and elderly people performing a simple postural task (quiet standing) simultaneously with a mental or a spatial task.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Attentional demands and postural control: the effect of sensory context.

            This study used a dual task design to examine the effect of sensory context on postural stability during the concurrent performance of an attentionally demanding cognitive task in young and older adults with and without a history of imbalance and falls. A choice reaction time auditory task was used to produce changes in attention during quiet stance in six different sensory conditions that changed the availability of accurate visual and somatosensory cues for postural control. Postural stability was quantified by using forceplate measures of center of pressure in 18 young adults, 18 healthy older adults, and 18 older adults with balance impairments and a history of recent falls. Reaction time and accuracy of verbal response to the auditory task were quantified by using a repeated measures analysis of variance. In young adults the auditory task did not affect postural stability in any of the sensory conditions. However, in the older adults the effect of the auditory task depended on sensory context. For healthy older adults, the addition of an auditory tone task significantly affected sway only when both visual and somatosensory cues for postural control were removed. In the balance-impaired older adults, the addition of the auditory task significantly affected postural stability in all sensory conditions. In addition, as sensory conditions became more difficult, older adults who had been able to maintain stability in a single task context lost balance when performing a secondary task. Results suggest that with aging, attentional demands for postural control increase as sensory information decreases. In addition, the inability to allocate sufficient attention to postural control under multitask conditions may be a contributing factor to imbalance and falls in some older adults.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Using mobile telephones: cognitive workload and attention resource allocation.

              Driver distraction is recognized as being one of the central causes of road traffic incidents and mobile telephones are tangible devices (among many other electronic devices) that can distract the driver through changes in workload. Forty participants completed a motorway route characterized by a low level of road complexity in the form of vehicle handling and information processing. A peripheral detection task (PDT) was employed to gauge mental workload. We compared effects of conversation type (simple versus complex) and telephone mode (hands-free versus handheld) to baseline conditions. The participants' reaction times increased significantly when conversing but no benefit of hands-free units over handheld units on rural roads/motorways were found. Thus, in regard to mobile telephones, the content of the conversation was far more important for driving and driver distraction than the type of telephone when driving on a motorway or similar type of road. The more difficult and complex the conversation, the greater the possible negative effect on driver distraction.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Phys Ther Sci
                J Phys Ther Sci
                JPTS
                Journal of Physical Therapy Science
                The Society of Physical Therapy Science
                0915-5287
                2187-5626
                17 February 2015
                February 2015
                : 27
                : 2
                : 527-529
                Affiliations
                [1) ] Department of Physical Therapy, Shinsung University, Republic of Korea
                Author notes
                Corresponding author. In Hyouk Hyong, Department of Physical Therapy, Shinsung University: 1 Daehak-ro, Jungmi-myun, Dangin, Chungnam, Republic of Korea. (E-mail: greenhyouk@ 123456naver.com )
                Article
                jpts-2014-524
                10.1589/jpts.27.527
                4339178
                cb5f8c34-c71c-4bef-a0d7-c6314f021386
                2015©by the Society of Physical Therapy Science

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License.

                History
                : 12 August 2014
                : 10 September 2014
                Categories
                Original Article

                smart phone,star excursion balance test,fall
                smart phone, star excursion balance test, fall

                Comments

                Comment on this article