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      Manufacturing Epidemics: The Role of Global Producers in Increased Consumption of Unhealthy Commodities Including Processed Foods, Alcohol, and Tobacco

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          Abstract

          In an article that forms part of the PLoS Medicine series on Big Food, David Stuckler and colleagues report that unhealthy packaged foods are being consumed rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, consistent with rapid expansion of multinational food companies into emerging markets and fueling obesity and chronic disease epidemics.

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          Urbanization, Lifestyle Changes and the Nutrition Transition

          Barry M. Popkin (1999)
          Article 0 comments Cited 184 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The nutrition transition and its health implications in lower-income countries.

            Barry M. Popkin (1998)
            This article reviews information on the rapid changes in diet, activity and body composition that lower- and middle-income countries are undergoing and then examines some of the potential health implications of this transition. Data came from numerous countries and also from national food balance (FAOSTAT) and World Bank sources. Nationally representative and nationwide surveys are used. The nationally representative Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Surveys from 1992-96 and the nationwide China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1989-93 are examined in detail. Rapid changes in the structure of diet, in particular associated with urbanization, are documented. In addition, large changes in occupation types are documented. These are linked with rapid increases in adult obesity in Latin America and Asia. Some of the potential implications for adult health are noted. The rapid changes in diet, activity and obesity that are facing billions of residents of lower- and middle-income countries are cause for great concern. Linked with these changes will be a rapid increase in chronic diseases. Little to date has been done at the national level to address these problems.
            Article 0 comments Cited 165 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Globalisation and the prevention and control of non-communicable disease: the neglected chronic diseases of adults.

              D Yach, R Beaglehole (2003)
              The growing global burden of non-communicable diseases in poor countries and poor populations has been neglected by policy makers, major multilateral and bilateral aid donors, and academics. Despite strong evidence for the magnitude of this burden, the preventability of its causes, and the threat it poses to already strained health care systems, national and global actions have been inadequate. Globalisation is an important determinant of non-communicable disease epidemics since it has direct effects on risks to populations and indirect effects on national economies and health systems. The globalisation of the production and marketing campaigns of the tobacco and alcohol industries exemplify the challenges to policy makers and public health practitioners. A full range of policy responses is required from government and non-governmental agencies; unfortunately the capacity and resources for this response are insufficient, and governments need to respond appropriately. The progress made in controlling the tobacco industry is a modest cause for optimism.
              Article 0 comments Cited 122 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS Med
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS Med
                Journal ID (publisher-id): PLoS
                Journal ID (pmc): plosmed
                Title: PLoS Medicine
                Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                ISSN (Print): 1549-1277
                ISSN (Electronic): 1549-1676
                Publication date Collection: June 2012
                Publication date (Print): June 2012
                Publication date (Electronic): 26 June 2012
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 6
                Electronic Location Identifier: e1001235
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Sociology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
                [2 ]Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
                [3 ]South Asian Chronic Disease Network, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
                [4 ]Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
                [5 ]Division of General Internal Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, United States of America
                Author notes

                Analyzed the data: DS SB SE MM. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: DS. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: DS MM SB SE. ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: DS MM SB SE. Agree with manuscript results and conclusions: DS MM SB SE. All authors contributed to the interpretation of the data.

                The Policy Forum allows health policy makers around the world to discuss challenges and opportunities for improving health care in their societies.

                Article
                Publisher ID: PMEDICINE-D-11-03090
                DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001235
                PMC ID: 3383750
                PubMed ID: 22745605
                SO-VID: cb9527c3-04ce-4730-b6ff-a02c91f5fd50
                Copyright © Stuckler et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
                History
                Page count
                Pages: 8
                Categories
                Subject: Policy Forum
                Subject: Medicine
                Subject: Public Health
                Subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
                Subject: Sociology
                Subject: Demography
                Subject: Social Policy

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

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