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      Antifungal Effect of Lavender Essential Oil ( Lavandula angustifolia) and Clotrimazole on Candida albicans: An In Vitro Study

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          Abstract

          Background. The treatment of candidiasis infections is an important problem in the health care system. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro effect of lavender essential oil and clotrimazole on isolated C. albicans from vaginal candidiasis. Materials and Methods. In this clinical trial, C. albicans isolated from the vaginal discharge samples was obtained. Results. The pairwise comparison showed that lavender and clotrimazole had a significant difference; this difference in the lavender group was lower than clotrimazole. But, after 48 hours, there was no difference seen between groups. There was a significant difference between clotrimazole and DMSO groups. Comparing the changes between groups based on the same dilution, at 24 h and 48 h in clotrimazole group, showed a significant difference two times in the fungal cell count that its average during 48 h was less than 24 h. A significant difference was observed between the two periods in lavender group, only at the dilutions of 1/20 and 1/80. The average fungal cell count after 48 h was also lower in lavender group. Conclusions. Given that the lavender has antifungal activity, this can be used as an antifungal agent. However, more clinical studies are necessary to validate its use in candida infection.

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          Medicinal plants and antimicrobial activity.

          J.L. Ríos, M.C. Recio (2005)
          In the present paper, we analyze the past, present and future of medicinal plants, both as potential antimicrobial crude drugs as well as a source for natural compounds that act as new anti-infection agents. In the past few decades, the search for new anti-infection agents has occupied many research groups in the field of ethnopharmacology. When we reviewed the number of articles published on the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants in PubMed during the period between 1966 and 1994, we found 115; however, in the following decade between 1995 and 2004, this number more than doubled to 307. In the studies themselves one finds a wide range of criteria. Many focus on determining the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts found in folk medicine, essential oils or isolated compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, sesquiterpene lactones, diterpenes, triterpenes or naphtoquinones, among others. Some of these compounds were isolated or obtained by bio-guided isolation after previously detecting antimicrobial activity on the part of the plant. A second block of studies focuses on the natural flora of a specific region or country; the third relevant group of papers is made up of specific studies of the activity of a plant or principle against a concrete pathological microorganism. Some general considerations must be established for the study of the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts, essential oils and the compounds isolated from them. Of utmost relevance is the definition of common parameters, such as plant material, techniques employed, growth medium and microorganisms tested.
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            Biological activities of lavender essential oil.

            H Dwight Cavanagh, Darren J. Wilkinson (2002)
            Essential oils distilled from members of the genus Lavandula have been used both cosmetically and therapeutically for centuries with the most commonly used species being L. angustifolia, L. latifolia, L. stoechas and L. x intermedia. Although there is considerable anecdotal information about the biological activity of these oils much of this has not been substantiated by scientific or clinical evidence. Among the claims made for lavender oil are that is it antibacterial, antifungal, carminative (smooth muscle relaxing), sedative, antidepressive and effective for burns and insect bites. In this review we detail the current state of knowledge about the effect of lavender oils on psychological and physiological parameters and its use as an antimicrobial agent. Although the data are still inconclusive and often controversial, there does seem to be both scientific and clinical data that support the traditional uses of lavender. However, methodological and oil identification problems have severely hampered the evaluation of the therapeutic significance of much of the research on Lavandula spp. These issues need to be resolved before we have a true picture of the biological activities of lavender essential oil. Copyright 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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              Antifungal Activities ofOriganumvulgaresubsp.hirtum, Mentha spicata,Lavandula angustifolia, andSalvia fruticosaEssential Oils against Human Pathogenic Fungi

              Konstantia Adam, Afroditi Sivropoulou, Stella Kokkini … (1998)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Scientifica (Cairo)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Scientifica (Cairo)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): SCIENTIFICA
                Title: Scientifica
                Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
                ISSN (Electronic): 2090-908X
                Publication date (Print): 2015
                Publication date (Electronic): 13 October 2015
                Volume: 2015
                Electronic Location Identifier: 261397
                Affiliations
                1Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
                2Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
                3Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
                4Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
                5Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
                6Department of Mycology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Maurizio Sanguinetti

                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2015/261397
                PMC ID: 4621348
                SO-VID: cbae1a7f-6c26-4e9c-8afc-dc043b84c46d
                Copyright © Copyright © 2015 Fereshteh Behmanesh et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 25 June 2015
                Date revision received : 1 September 2015
                Date accepted : 2 September 2015
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article

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