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      Screening for dementia in Arabic: normative data from an elderly Lebanese sample

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          Abstract

          <p class="first" id="d3105449e133">Prevention and treatment of dementia is a global concern that requires involvement of international samples. The purpose of this study is to develop culturally sensitive norms based on normal older Lebanese adults using multiple cognitive screening measures translated into Arabic for regional use. </p>

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          Most cited references30

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          “Mini-mental state”

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            The global prevalence of dementia: a systematic review and metaanalysis.

            The evidence base on the prevalence of dementia is expanding rapidly, particularly in countries with low and middle incomes. A reappraisal of global prevalence and numbers is due, given the significant implications for social and public policy and planning. In this study we provide a systematic review of the global literature on the prevalence of dementia (1980-2009) and metaanalysis to estimate the prevalence and numbers of those affected, aged ≥60 years in 21 Global Burden of Disease regions. Age-standardized prevalence for those aged ≥60 years varied in a narrow band, 5%-7% in most world regions, with a higher prevalence in Latin America (8.5%), and a distinctively lower prevalence in the four sub-Saharan African regions (2%-4%). It was estimated that 35.6 million people lived with dementia worldwide in 2010, with numbers expected to almost double every 20 years, to 65.7 million in 2030 and 115.4 million in 2050. In 2010, 58% of all people with dementia lived in countries with low or middle incomes, with this proportion anticipated to rise to 63% in 2030 and 71% in 2050. The detailed estimates in this study constitute the best current basis for policymaking, planning, and allocation of health and welfare resources in dementia care. The age-specific prevalence of dementia varies little between world regions, and may converge further. Future projections of numbers of people with dementia may be modified substantially by preventive interventions (lowering incidence), improvements in treatment and care (prolonging survival), and disease-modifying interventions (preventing or slowing progression). All countries need to commission nationally representative surveys that are repeated regularly to monitor trends. Copyright © 2013 The Alzheimer's Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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              The AD8: a brief informant interview to detect dementia.

              Brief measures that accurately discriminate normal cognitive aging from very mild dementia are lacking. Cognitive tests often are insensitive to very mild dementia. Informant-based measures may be more sensitive in detecting early dementia. To identify informant-reported clinical variables that differentiate cognitively normal individuals from those with very mild dementia. A 55-item battery of informant queries regarding an individual's cognitive status was derived from a semistructured interview and a consensus panel of dementia experts. The battery was evaluated with informants for 189 consecutive participants of a longitudinal study of memory and aging and compared with an independently obtained Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score for the participant. Multiple regression and receiver operator characteristic curves assessed subsets of the items to discriminate between CDR 0 (no dementia) and CDR 0.5 (very mild dementia). The final version (AD8) querying memory, orientation, judgment, and function was administered to an additional sample of 112 CDR 0 and 68 CDR 0.5 participants. Using a cut-off of two items endorsed, the area under the curve was 0.834, suggesting good to excellent discrimination, sensitivity was 74%, and specificity was 86% (prevalence of 0.38 for very mild dementia). Inclusion of 56 additional individuals with mild to severe dementia (increasing dementia prevalence to 0.53) increased sensitivity to 85%. The AD8 is a brief, sensitive measure that reliably differentiates between nondemented and demented individuals. Use of the AD8 in conjunction with a brief assessment of the participant could improve diagnostic accuracy in general practice.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                (View ORCID Profile)
                Journal
                The Clinical Neuropsychologist
                The Clinical Neuropsychologist
                Informa UK Limited
                1385-4046
                1744-4144
                December 01 2017
                February 23 2017
                December 01 2017
                : 31
                : sup1
                : 1-19
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University , Hadath, Lebanon
                [2 ] Memory Clinic, Division of Neurology, Saint Charles Hospital , Fayadieh, Lebanon
                [3 ] Center for Alzheimer’s Care, Imaging, and Research, University of Utah , USA
                [4 ] Faculty of Medicine, St Joseph University (USJ) , Beirut, Lebanon
                [5 ] Lebanon Memory Group for Clinical Research, GMRC-Liban , Beirut, Lebanon
                Article
                10.1080/13854046.2017.1288270
                28276861
                cbd4574b-f688-4705-9e2d-70b4a253d20c
                © 2017
                History

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