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      Wandering carotid arteries: Reciprocating change between normal and retropharyngeal positions on serial CT studies

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Positional change in the retropharyngeal carotid artery, a rare phenomenon over time, is even rarer in previous reports, and it is important to be aware of this before any neck surgical procedure. A woman in her 50s underwent an anterior maxillectomy for upper gingival cancer, without neck dissection. The patient had medical histories of diabetes mellitus and liver dysfunction, with unremarkable family histories. Serial neck contrast-enhanced computed tomography for detecting locoregional recurrence had been performed as a follow-up during 4 years. A radiological course of moving carotid arteries in serial computed tomography studies showed reciprocating positional changes (wandering) between normal and retropharyngeal regions. There was no locoregional recurrence of the gingival cancer. This is the first case to describe a so-rare presentation of wandering carotid arteries. It is important for clinicians to be aware of a wandering carotid artery to avoid potentially fatal complications.

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          Most cited references10

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          Tortuosity, kinking, and coiling of the carotid artery: expression of atherosclerosis or aging?

          The etiology of carotid abnormalities is both congenital than acquired. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of aging and atherosclerosis in the acquired cases, and the role of these abnormalities in hemodynamic alterations and neurologic symptoms. Over a 1-year period the authors studied all the subjects undergoing carotid examination by continuous-wave and color-coded Doppler sonography at an Angiology Unit. They evaluated neurologic symptoms; risk factors for atherosclerosis; number, sites, and kinds of carotid abnormalities; atherosclerotic lesions; stenosis; hemodynamic alterations of the carotid; and other localizations of atherosclerotic diseases. There were 469 subjects: 272 (58%) with abnormalities (group 1) and 197 (42%) without abnormalities (group 2). The total number of abnormalities was 479 (104 tortuosities, 262 kinkings, and 113 coilings). The abnormalities were more prevalent in the elderly (P<0.001) and in women (P<0.001). In group 1 they found significant prevalences of hyperlipemia (P<0.001), hypertension (P<0.01), chronic cigarette smoking (P<0.01), and ischemic heart disease (P<0.05). Carotid atherosclerotic lesions were more prevalent in group 1 than in group 2 (P<0.001); among the patients with atherosclerotic carotid lesions, those in group 1 were older than those in group 2 (P<0.001). Tortuosity seemed to be associated with fewer hemodynamic alterations. The authors conclude that atherosclerosis, hypertension, and aging may play an important role in producing carotid abnormalities. The aging seemed more important than atherosclerosis. Only a prospective study of patients with carotid abnormalities and no atherosclerotic lesion will clarify the role of hemodynamics and neurologic symptomatology.
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            Curving and looping of the internal carotid artery in relation to the pharynx: frequency, embryology and clinical implications.

            Variations of the course of the internal carotid artery in the parapharyngeal space and their frequency were studied in order to determine possible risks for acute haemorrhage during pharyngeal surgery and traumatic events, as well as their possible relevance to cerebrovascular disease. The course of the internal carotid artery showed no curvature in 191 cases, but in 74 cases it had a medial, lateral or ventrocaudal curve, and 17 preparations showed kinking (12) or coiling (5) out of a total of 265 dissected carotid sheaths and 17 corrosion vascular casts. In 6 cases of kinking and 2 of coiling, the internal carotid artery was located in direct contact with the tonsillar fossa. No significant sex differences were found. Variations of the internal carotid artery leading to direct contact with the pharyngeal wall are likely to be of great clinical relevance in view of the large number of routine procedures performed. Whereas coiling is ascribed to embryological causes, curving is related to ageing and kinking is thought to be exacerbated by arteriosclerosis or fibromuscular dysplasia with advancing age and may therefore be of significance in relation to the occurrence of cerebrovascular symptoms.
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              The Moving Carotid Artery: A Retrospective Review of the Retropharyngeal Carotid Artery and the Incidence of Positional Changes on Serial Studies.

              Retropharyngeal carotid arteries are a clinically relevant anatomic variant. Prior studies have documented their incidence, but only a single case report has discussed the change in position of the carotid artery to and from a retropharyngeal location. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of retropharyngeal carotid arteries and to evaluate the change in position of retropharyngeal carotid arteries over serial CT examinations of the neck.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Radiol Case Rep
                Radiol Case Rep
                Radiology Case Reports
                Elsevier
                1930-0433
                09 August 2017
                December 2017
                09 August 2017
                : 12
                : 4
                : 752-755
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Radiology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13, Sugano, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 2728513, Japan
                [b ]Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
                [c ]Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. akirababa@ 123456jikei.ac.jp
                Article
                S1930-0433(17)30189-9
                10.1016/j.radcr.2017.07.007
                5823308
                29484063
                cc4ba555-e50c-46fd-8f87-f048c6ad3ed9
                © 2017 The Authors

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 1 May 2017
                : 24 June 2017
                : 3 July 2017
                Categories
                Head and Neck

                carotid artery,retropharyngeal space,retropharyngeal artery,wandering,computed tomography

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