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      Do communication and social interaction skills differ across youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or dual diagnosis?

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          Abstract

          Given the well-documented symptom overlap between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), careful evaluation of potential differentiation and overlap is critical for accurate diagnostic decisions. Although research has considered the use of symptom checklists and parent/teacher report questionnaires for symptom differentiation, standardized observational methods, typically utilized in the context of ASD evaluation, have received less attention. The present study examined the continuum of communication and social interaction impairment for youth diagnosed with ASD and ADHD, as indexed by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Participants were 209 youth ages 3 to 18 years with ASD, ADHD, Dual Diagnosis (ASD+ADHD) or No Diagnosis. Differences across diagnostic groups were observed for mean communication and social interaction total scores on the ADOS, with the highest scores (i.e., greater impairment) observed for the ASD group and lowest scores for the ADHD and No Diagnosis groups. Results provide the first evidence for use of the ADOS for distinguishing youth who have ADHD alone versus ASD alone or co-occurring ASD+ADHD. Findings are discussed in light of implications for clinical practice and future research.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          101300021
          34292
          Res Autism Spectr Disord
          Res Autism Spectr Disord
          Research in autism spectrum disorders
          1750-9467
          4 September 2015
          1 December 2015
          01 December 2016
          : 20
          : 58-66
          Affiliations
          [1 ]University of Kansas Medical School
          [2 ]University of Kansas
          Author notes
          Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Brenda Salley, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical School, Kansas City, KS, 66160. bsalley@ 123456kumc.edu

          Brenda Salley, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical School, and Scheifelbusch Life Span Institute, University of Kansas; Joy Gabrielli, Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas; Catherine M. Smith, Center for Child Health and Development, University of Kansas Medical School; Matthew Braun, Center for Child Health and Development, University of Kansas Medical School

          Article
          PMC4709846 PMC4709846 4709846 nihpa719777
          10.1016/j.rasd.2015.08.006
          4709846
          26779281
          cc642138-f24f-474c-b4a4-a82d75f41d40
          History
          Categories
          Article

          communication and social interaction,differential diagnosis,ADOS,Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule,ADHD,Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder,ASD,Autism spectrum disorder

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