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      Crystal Structure of Alanine:Glyoxylate Aminotransferase and the Relationship Between Genotype and Enzymatic Phenotype in Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1

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      Journal of Molecular Biology
      Elsevier BV

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          Abstract

          A deficiency of the liver-specific enzyme alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) is responsible for the potentially lethal hereditary kidney stone disease primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1). Many of the mutations in the gene encoding AGT are associated with specific enzymatic phenotypes such as accelerated proteolysis (Ser205Pro), intra-peroxisomal aggregation (Gly41Arg), inhibition of pyridoxal phosphate binding and loss of catalytic activity (Gly82Glu), and peroxisome-to-mitochondrion mistargeting (Gly170Arg). Several mutations, including that responsible for AGT mistargeting, co-segregate and interact synergistically with a Pro11Leu polymorphism found at high frequency in the normal population. In order to gain further insights into the mechanistic link between genotype and enzymatic phenotype in PH1, we have determined the crystal structure of normal human AGT complexed to the competitive inhibitor amino-oxyacetic acid to 2.5A. Analysis of this structure allows the effects of these mutations and polymorphism to be rationalised in terms of AGT tertiary and quaternary conformation, and in particular it provides a possible explanation for the Pro11Leu-Gly170Arg synergism that leads to AGT mistargeting.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Journal of Molecular Biology
          Journal of Molecular Biology
          Elsevier BV
          00222836
          August 2003
          August 2003
          : 331
          : 3
          : 643-652
          Article
          10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00791-5
          12899834
          cc8d33b6-2f6b-45a6-8a51-8d9dd0adc364
          © 2003

          https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

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