41
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Surveillance of Bat Coronaviruses in Kenya Identifies Relatives of Human Coronaviruses NL63 and 229E and Their Recombination History

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          ABSTRACT

          Bats harbor a large diversity of coronaviruses (CoVs), several of which are related to zoonotic pathogens that cause severe disease in humans. Our screening of bat samples collected in Kenya from 2007 to 2010 not only detected RNA from several novel CoVs but, more significantly, identified sequences that were closely related to human CoVs NL63 and 229E, suggesting that these two human viruses originate from bats. We also demonstrated that human CoV NL63 is a recombinant between NL63-like viruses circulating in Triaenops bats and 229E-like viruses circulating in Hipposideros bats, with the breakpoint located near 5′ and 3′ ends of the spike (S) protein gene. In addition, two further interspecies recombination events involving the S gene were identified, suggesting that this region may represent a recombination “hot spot” in CoV genomes. Finally, using a combination of phylogenetic and distance-based approaches, we showed that the genetic diversity of bat CoVs is primarily structured by host species and subsequently by geographic distances.

          IMPORTANCE Understanding the driving forces of cross-species virus transmission is central to understanding the nature of disease emergence. Previous studies have demonstrated that bats are the ultimate reservoir hosts for a number of coronaviruses (CoVs), including ancestors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and human CoV 229E (HCoV-229E). However, the evolutionary pathways of bat CoVs remain elusive. We provide evidence for natural recombination between distantly related African bat coronaviruses associated with Triaenops afer and Hipposideros sp. bats that resulted in a NL63-like virus, an ancestor of the human pathogen HCoV-NL63. These results suggest that interspecies recombination may play an important role in CoV evolution and the emergence of novel CoVs with zoonotic potential.

          Related collections

          Author and article information

          Contributors
          Role: Editor
          Journal
          J Virol
          J. Virol
          jvi
          jvi
          JVI
          Journal of Virology
          American Society for Microbiology (1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC )
          0022-538X
          1098-5514
          11 January 2017
          14 February 2017
          1 March 2017
          : 91
          : 5
          : e01953-16
          Affiliations
          [a ]Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
          [b ]Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
          [c ]Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
          [d ]Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
          University of Iowa
          Author notes
          Address correspondence to Suxiang Tong, sot1@ 123456cdc.gov .
          [*]

          Present address: Ivan V. Kuzmin, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.

          Y.T. and M.S. contributed equally to this article.

          Citation Tao Y, Shi M, Chommanard C, Queen K, Zhang J, Markotter W, Kuzmin IV, Holmes EC, Tong S. 2017. Surveillance of bat coronaviruses in Kenya identifies relatives of human coronaviruses NL63 and 229E and their recombination history. J Virol 91:e01953-16. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01953-16.

          Article
          PMC5309958 PMC5309958 5309958 01953-16
          10.1128/JVI.01953-16
          5309958
          28077633
          cd13bb11-3f04-4c38-b994-e6681495c5a2
          Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.

          All Rights Reserved.

          History
          : 29 September 2016
          : 4 December 2016
          Page count
          supplementary-material: 1, Figures: 8, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 52, Pages: 16, Words: 8329
          Funding
          Funded by: HHS | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) https://doi.org/10.13039/100000030
          Award ID: Global Disease Detection program TSC funds
          Award Recipient : Suxiang Tong
          Funded by: Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000925
          Award ID: AF30
          Award Recipient : Edward C. Holmes
          Categories
          Genetic Diversity and Evolution
          Custom metadata
          March 2017

          bats,Africa,coronavirus,HCoV-229E,HCoV-NL63,recombination,zoonoses
          bats, Africa, coronavirus, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, recombination, zoonoses

          Comments

          Comment on this article