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      Oral Health in Children with Leukemia

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          Abstract

          Leukemia is one of the most common malignancies affecting children in India. These children usually suffer from various oral complications, which may be due to the leukemia or due to the chemotherapeutic agents and/or radiotherapy. The complications may include some of the opportunistic infections like candidiasis, herpes simplex; hemorrhage, mucositis, taste alterations and increased incidence of dental caries etc. These complications can cause significant morbidity and mortality in the patients. The aim of this review is to summarize the various oral complications in these children and the methods of prevention and management.

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          Updated clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of mucositis.

          Mark Schubert, , Linda S. Elting … (2007)
          Considerable progress in research and clinical application has been made since the original guidelines for managing mucositis in cancer patients were published in 2004, and the first active drug for the prevention and treatment of this condition has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration and other regulatory agencies in Europe and Australia. These changes necessitate an updated review of the literature and guidelines. Panel members reviewed the biomedical literature on mucositis published in English between January 2002 and May 2005 and reached a consensus based on the criteria of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. Changes in the guidelines included recommendations for the use of palifermin for oral mucositis associated with stem cell transplantation, amifostine for radiation proctitis, and cryotherapy for mucositis associated with high-dose melphalan. Recommendations against specific practices were introduced: Systemic glutamine was not recommended for the prevention of gastrointestinal mucositis, and sucralfate and antimicrobial lozenges were not recommended for radiation-induced oral mucositis. Furthermore, new guidelines suggested that granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor mouthwashes not be used for oral mucositis prevention in the transplantation population. Advances in mucositis treatment and research have been complemented by an increased rate of publication on mucosal injury in cancer. However, additional and sustained efforts will be required to gain a fuller understanding of the pathobiology, impact on overall patient status, optimal therapeutic strategies, and improved educational programs for health professionals, patients, and caregivers. These efforts are likely to have significant clinical and economic impact on the treatment of cancer patients. Cancer 2007;109:820-31. (c) 2007 American Cancer Society.
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            Epidemiology of childhood cancer in India.

            R. S. Arora, T Eden, G Kapoor (2015)
            There has been enormous progress in the treatment of childhood cancer in the developed world and the epidemiology in these countries is well described. Hitherto, there has been no attempt to systematically study the burden of childhood cancer in India or to understand how the occurrence and outcome of the disease varies across the country. We have reviewed the epidemiology (incidence, survival, and mortality) of childhood cancer across different population-based cancer registries in India and also compared it with data from the resource-rich countries. Incidence and mortality data were obtained from the National Cancer Registry Program Reports and the Cancer Incidence in 5 Continents publications. Further, a comprehensive review of medical literature was done for information on individual cancers as well as survival data. 1.6 to 4.8% of all cancer in India is seen in children below 15 years of age and the overall incidence of 38 to 124 per million children, per year, is lower than that in the developed world. The considerable inter-regional variation in incidence and mortality rates across India suggests a possible deficiency in ascertainment of cases and death notification, particularly in rural areas. The marked male preponderance of Hodgkin's disease, lower incidence of central nervous system tumors, and higher incidence of retinoblastoma merit further analysis.
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              Hyposalivation in elderly patients.

              Norman Epstein, Anurag Gupta, Herve Sroussi (2006)
              Saliva is a key element in oral homeostasis, oral function and maintenance of oral health. Dry mouth has multiple oral health consequences and affects quality of life. The incidence of dry mouth and its public health impact are increasing due to the aging population, the effects of some systemic diseases, and medical management and commonly prescribed medications that reduce saliva production. In this paper, we review the causes of dry mouth and its impact on health. The role of dental providers and current management of dry mouth is presented.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Indian J Palliat Care
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Indian J Palliat Care
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJPC
                Title: Indian Journal of Palliative Care
                Publisher: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                ISSN (Print): 0973-1075
                ISSN (Electronic): 1998-3735
                Publication date (Print): Jan-Apr 2012
                Volume: 18
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 12-18
                Affiliations
                [1]Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. Vijay Prakash Mathur, E-mail: vijaymathur7@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: IJPC-18-12
                DOI: 10.4103/0973-1075.97343
                PMC ID: 3401728
                PubMed ID: 22837605
                SO-VID: cd65e727-cab4-47d6-9c15-42b7d2877efe
                Copyright © Copyright: © Indian Journal of Palliative Care
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Anesthesiology & Pain management
                Keywords: oral,children,complications,management,leukemia
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Anesthesiology & Pain management
                Keywords: oral, children, complications, management, leukemia

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