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      1586. In Vitro Activity of Rifampin, Rifabutin, Rifapentine, and Rifaximin Against Biofilms Formed by Staphylococci Isolated from Prosthetic Joint Infection

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      , PhD, , CLS, MS, , MD, , PA-C, MS, , MD, , MD
      Open Forum Infectious Diseases
      Oxford University Press

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          Abstract

          Background

          Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are serious complications after total joint arthroplasty. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, which are proficient biofilm-formers, account for ~60% of PJI cases. Therapy often includes rifampin because of its anti-biofilm activity; the activity of other rifamycins against staphylococcal biofilms is poorly defined. This study evaluated the in vitro activity of rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, and rifaximin against S. aureus and S. epidermidis biofilms formed by isolates from patients with PJI.

          Methods

          200 staphylococcal isolates were tested (111 S. aureus and 89 S. epidermidis). All S. aureus isolates, and all except 7 S. epidermidis isolates, were rifampin susceptible. Rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, and rifaximin minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) and minimum biofilm bactericidal concentration (MBBCs) were determined using a pegged lid microtiter plate assay.

          Results

          Rifampin-resistant isolates had MBICs and MBBCs ≥16 µg/mL. Results for the rifampin-susceptible isolates are shown. All 193 rifampin-susceptible isolates had rifampin MBICs ≤1 µg/mL (rifampin-susceptible breakpoint for planktonic susceptibility testing), with 1, 2, and 2 isolates having MBICs > 1 µg/mL for rifabutin, rifapentine and rifaximin, respectively. S. aureus MBBC 50 values were 8, 1, 2 and 4 µg/mL for rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine and rifaximin, respectively . S. epidermidis MBBC 50 values were 2, 0.06, 0.25, and 0.5 µg/mL for rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine and rifaximin, respectively, for rifampin-susceptible isolates.

          Conclusion

          Rifabutin and rifapentine, and to a lesser extent, rifaximin, show promising in vitro activity against rifampin-susceptible staphylococcal biofilms formed by isolates associated with PJI; studies evaluating in vivo activity are warranted.

          Disclosures

          All authors: No reported disclosures.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Open Forum Infect Dis
          Open Forum Infect Dis
          ofid
          Open Forum Infectious Diseases
          Oxford University Press (US )
          2328-8957
          October 2019
          23 October 2019
          23 October 2019
          : 6
          : Suppl 2 , IDWeek 2019 Abstracts
          : S579
          Affiliations
          Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
          Article
          ofz360.1450
          10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1450
          6810379
          cddcaee3-feb3-46e4-87d0-8793fdf4aaf0
          © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.

          This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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          Pages: 1
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          Abstracts
          Poster Abstracts

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