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      A Hydrogel-Based Ultrasonic Backscattering Wireless Biochemical Sensing

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          Abstract

          Wireless monitoring of the physio-biochemical information is becoming increasingly important for healthcare. In this work, we present a proof-of-concept hydrogel-based wireless biochemical sensing scheme utilizing ultrasound. The sensing system utilizes silica-nanoparticle embedded hydrogel deposited on a thin glass substrate, which presents two prominent interfaces for ultrasonic backscattering (tissue/glass and hydrogel/glass). To overcome the effect of the varying acoustic properties of the intervening biological tissues between the sensor and the external transducer, we implemented a differential mode of ultrasonic back-scattering. Here, we demonstrate a wireless pH measurement with a resolution of 0.2 pH level change and a wireless sensing range around 10 cm in a water tank.

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          Most cited references32

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          Environment-sensitive hydrogels for drug delivery

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            Hydrogel bioelectronics

            Hydrogels have emerged as a promising bioelectronic interfacing material. This review discusses the fundamentals and recent advances in hydrogel bioelectronics. Bioelectronic interfacing with the human body including electrical stimulation and recording of neural activities is the basis of the rapidly growing field of neural science and engineering, diagnostics, therapy, and wearable and implantable devices. Owing to intrinsic dissimilarities between soft, wet, and living biological tissues and rigid, dry, and synthetic electronic systems, the development of more compatible, effective, and stable interfaces between these two different realms has been one of the most daunting challenges in science and technology. Recently, hydrogels have emerged as a promising material candidate for the next-generation bioelectronic interfaces, due to their similarities to biological tissues and versatility in electrical, mechanical, and biofunctional engineering. In this review, we discuss (i) the fundamental mechanisms of tissue–electrode interactions, (ii) hydrogels’ unique advantages in bioelectrical interfacing with the human body, (iii) the recent progress in hydrogel developments for bioelectronics, and (iv) rational guidelines for the design of future hydrogel bioelectronics. Advances in hydrogel bioelectronics will usher unprecedented opportunities toward ever-close integration of biology and electronics, potentially blurring the boundary between humans and machines.
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              Hydrogel ionotronics

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Bioeng Biotechnol
                Front Bioeng Biotechnol
                Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
                Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                2296-4185
                27 November 2020
                2020
                : 8
                : 596370
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Department of Electronics Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul, South Korea
                [2] 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, PA, United States
                Author notes

                Edited by: Mauro Magnani, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Italy

                Reviewed by: Tapas Sen, University of Central Lancashire, United Kingdom; Jules Magda, The University of Utah, United States

                *Correspondence: Seung Hyun Song shsong.ee@ 123456sookmyung.ac.kr

                This article was submitted to Nanobiotechnology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

                †These authors have contributed equally to this work

                Article
                10.3389/fbioe.2020.596370
                7729131
                cdf47c63-51fc-4be8-9380-1dc6cff3e77c
                Copyright © 2020 Nam, Byun, Shim, Kim, Islam, Park, Kim and Song.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 19 August 2020
                : 05 November 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 7, Tables: 0, Equations: 6, References: 32, Pages: 8, Words: 4600
                Funding
                Funded by: National Research Foundation of Korea 10.13039/501100003725
                Categories
                Bioengineering and Biotechnology
                Original Research

                biochemical sensing,ultrasonic,implantable sensor devices,hydrogel,wireless sensing

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