Bio-Based and Biodegradable Plastics: From Passive Barrier to Active Packaging Behavior

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Abstract

An overview of the articles has presented for the Special Issue “Bio-Based and Biodegradable Plastics: From Passive Barrier to Active Packaging Behavior”. This issue has objective of collecting comprehensive findings regarding structure and functionality of bio-based sustainable polymers performing as multifaceted barrier and packaging in food, cosmetic, and other areas. The content of the collection covers diverse fields of knowledge embracing polymer chemistry, materials science, transport–diffusion phenomena, biodegradation exploring, and others.

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Influence of Genipin Crosslinking on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films

Nataliya Kildeeva, Anatoliy Chalykh, Mariya Belokon … (2020)

Chitosan is a promising environment friendly active polymer packaging material due to its biodegradability, exceptional film forming capacity, great mechanical strength, appropriate barrier property along with intrinsic antioxidant and antimicrobial features. Bifunctional reagent was used for producing water insoluble chitosan films. Biopolymeric films crosslinked by Genipin (Gp), which is a reagent of natural origin, should have high potential in food packaging. The influence of the ratio of functional groups in the chitosan-Gp system on film absorption in the visible and ultraviolet regions of the spectrum, sorption, physical, and mechanical properties of the films has been studied. The degree of chitosan crosslinking in the films obtained from solutions containing Gp was estimated using the experimental data on film swelling and water vapor sorption isotherms. It is demonstrated that crosslinking with genipin improves swelling, water resistance, and mechanical properties of the films.

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Application of LCA Method for Assessment of Environmental Impacts of a Polylactide (PLA) Bottle Shaping

Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos, Weronika Kruszelnicka, Robert Kasner … (2020)

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the consumption of single-use packaging. Their material diversity is a significant barrier to recycling, causing overloading of landfills. Increasing negative environmental aspects have highlighted the need to develop solutions to achieve a relatively high efficiency of the bottle shaping process with the lowest possible energy consumption. The aim of the project is to try to describe the impact of this process on the state, transformation and development of the natural environment. The work concerns current issues of the impact of packaging on the natural environment. The main goal was to conduct a life cycle analysis (LCA) of beverage bottles made of polylactide. The functional unit comprised a total of 1000 pieces of PLA bottles with a capacity of 1 L. The boundary of the adopted system included the steps from the delivery of the preforms to the production plant to their correct formation in the process of forming beverage bottles. Further stages of the production process were excluded from the system, such as beverage bottling, labeling, and storage and distribution. Processes related to transport and storage of raw material were also excluded. The LCA analysis was performed using the program of the Dutch company Pre Consultants called SimaPro 8.4.0. The ReCiPe 2016 method was chosen for the interpretation of the quantity of emitted substances into the natural environment. The test results were presented graphically on bar charts and subjected to verification and interpretation.

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Comparative Structure-Property Characterization of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-3-Hydroxyvalerate)s Films under Hydrolytic and Enzymatic Degradation: Finding a Transition Point in 3-Hydroxyvalerate Content

Vsevolod A. Zhuikov, Yuliya V. Zhuikova, Tatiana K. Makhina … (2020)

The hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation of polymer films of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) of different molecular mass and its copolymers with 3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) of different 3-hydroxyvalerate (3-HV) content and molecular mass, 3-hydroxy-4-methylvalerate (PHB4MV), and polyethylene glycol (PHBV-PEG) produced by the Azotobacter chroococcum 7B by controlled biosynthesis technique were studied under in vitro model conditions. The changes in the physicochemical properties of the polymers during their in vitro degradation in the pancreatic lipase solution and in phosphate-buffered saline for a long time (183 days) were investigated using different analytical techniques. A mathematical model was used to analyze the kinetics of hydrolytic degradation of poly(3-hydroxyaklannoate)s by not autocatalytic and autocatalytic hydrolysis mechanisms. It was also shown that the degree of crystallinity of some polymers changes differently during degradation in vitro. The total mass of the films decreased slightly up to 8–9% (for the high-molecular weight PHBV with the 3-HV content 17.6% and 9%), in contrast to the copolymer molecular mass, the decrease of which reached 80%. The contact angle for all copolymers after the enzymatic degradation decreased by an average value of 23% compared to 17% after the hydrolytic degradation. Young’s modulus increased up to 2-fold. It was shown that the effect of autocatalysis was observed during enzymatic degradation, while autocatalysis was not available during hydrolytic degradation. During hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation in vitro, it was found that PHBV, containing 5.7–5.9 mol.% 3-HV and having about 50% crystallinity degree, presents critical content, beyond which the structural and mechanical properties of the copolymer have essentially changed. The obtained results could be applicable to biomedical polymer systems and food packaging materials.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Polymers (Basel)

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Polymers (Basel)

Journal ID (publisher-id): polymers

Title: Polymers

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 2073-4360

Publication date (Electronic): 12 July 2020

Publication date Collection: July 2020

Volume: 12

Issue: 7

Electronic Location Identifier: 1537

Affiliations

Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; aljordan08@ 123456gmail.com

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Alexey Iordanskii https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0771-0825

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Publisher ID: polymers-12-01537

DOI: 10.3390/polym12071537

PMC ID: 7408168

PubMed ID: 32664618

SO-VID: ce5410d2-a93d-435c-b65e-07b398d38c6f

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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Bio-Based and Biodegradable Plastics: From Passive Barrier to Active Packaging Behavior

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UCL: UN SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production

Most cited references 10

Influence of Genipin Crosslinking on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films

Application of LCA Method for Assessment of Environmental Impacts of a Polylactide (PLA) Bottle Shaping

Comparative Structure-Property Characterization of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-3-Hydroxyvalerate)s Films under Hydrolytic and Enzymatic Degradation: Finding a Transition Point in 3-Hydroxyvalerate Content

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