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      Female chacma baboons form strong, equitable, and enduring social bonds

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          Abstract

          Analyses of the pattern of associations, social interactions, coalitions, and aggression among chacma baboons ( Papio hamadryas ursinus) in the Okavango Delta of Botswana over a 16-year period indicate that adult females form close, equitable, supportive, and enduring social relationships. They show strong and stable preferences for close kin, particularly their own mothers and daughters. Females also form strong attachments to unrelated females who are close to their own age and who are likely to be paternal half-sisters. Although absolute rates of aggression among kin are as high as rates of aggression among nonkin, females are more tolerant of close relatives than they are of others with whom they have comparable amounts of contact. These findings complement previous work which indicates that the strength of social bonds enhances the fitness of females in this population and support findings about the structure and function of social bonds in other primate groups.

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          Most cited references65

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          Observational study of behavior: sampling methods.

          J Altmann (1974)
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            The benefits of social capital: close social bonds among female baboons enhance offspring survival.

            Sociality has evolved in many animal taxa, but primates are unusual because they establish highly differentiated bonds with other group members. Such bonds are particularly pronounced among females in species like baboons, with female philopatry and male dispersal. These relationships seem to confer a number of short-term benefits on females, and sociality enhances infant survival in some populations. However, the long-term consequences of social bonds among adult females have not been well established. Here we provide the first direct evidence that social relationships among female baboons convey fitness benefits. In a group of free-ranging baboons, Papio cynocephalus ursinus, the offspring of females who formed strong social bonds with other females lived significantly longer than the offspring of females who formed weaker social bonds. These survival benefits were independent of maternal dominance rank and number of kin and extended into offspring adulthood. In particular, females who formed stronger bonds with their mothers and adult daughters experienced higher offspring survival rates than females who formed weaker bonds. For females lacking mothers or adult daughters, offspring survival was closely linked to bonds between maternal sisters. These results parallel those from human studies, which show that greater social integration is generally associated with reduced mortality and better physical and mental health, particularly for women.
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              Analyzing Linguistic Data

              R. Baayen (2008)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                +1-310-8252655 , +1-310-2067833 , jsilk@anthro.ucla
                Journal
                Behav Ecol Sociobiol
                Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
                Springer-Verlag (Berlin/Heidelberg )
                0340-5443
                1432-0762
                3 June 2010
                3 June 2010
                November 2010
                : 64
                : 11
                : 1733-1747
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
                [2 ]Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
                [3 ]Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
                [4 ]Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
                [5 ]School of Psychology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9JP United Kingdom
                [6 ]Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
                [7 ]Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
                Author notes

                Communicated by A. Widdig

                Article
                986
                10.1007/s00265-010-0986-0
                2952770
                20976293
                ce66acb3-db59-4390-a56c-957b270d05ac
                © The Author(s) 2010
                History
                : 16 November 2009
                : 12 May 2010
                : 17 May 2010
                Categories
                Original Paper
                Custom metadata
                © Springer-Verlag 2010

                Ecology
                baboons,social bonds,coalitions,kinship
                Ecology
                baboons, social bonds, coalitions, kinship

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