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      Observation of a large-gap topological-insulator class with a single Dirac cone on the surface

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          Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple

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            Topological invariants of time-reversal-invariant band structures

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              Thermoelectric cooling and power generation

              DiSalvo (1999)
              In a typical thermoelectric device, a junction is formed from two different conducting materials, one containing positive charge carriers (holes) and the other negative charge carriers (electrons). When an electric current is passed in the appropriate direction through the junction, both types of charge carriers move away from the junction and convey heat away, thus cooling the junction. Similarly, a heat source at the junction causes carriers to flow away from the junction, making an electrical generator. Such devices have the advantage of containing no moving parts, but low efficiencies have limited their use to specialty applications, such as cooling laser diodes. The principles of thermoelectric devices are reviewed and strategies for increasing the efficiency of novel materials are explored. Improved materials would not only help to cool advanced electronics but could also provide energy benefits in refrigeration and when using waste heat to generate electrical power.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Nature Physics
                Nature Phys
                Springer Science and Business Media LLC
                1745-2473
                1745-2481
                June 2009
                May 10 2009
                June 2009
                : 5
                : 6
                : 398-402
                Article
                10.1038/nphys1274
                ce776cbf-c389-4d2a-aae9-3ea91d2041ff
                © 2009

                http://www.springer.com/tdm

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