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      Ocean acidification does not limit squid metabolism via blood oxygen supply

      , ,
      The Journal of Experimental Biology
      The Company of Biologists

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          Ecophysiology. Climate change tightens a metabolic constraint on marine habitats.

          Warming of the oceans and consequent loss of dissolved oxygen (O2) will alter marine ecosystems, but a mechanistic framework to predict the impact of multiple stressors on viable habitat is lacking. Here, we integrate physiological, climatic, and biogeographic data to calibrate and then map a key metabolic index-the ratio of O2 supply to resting metabolic O2 demand-across geographic ranges of several marine ectotherms. These species differ in thermal and hypoxic tolerances, but their contemporary distributions are all bounded at the equatorward edge by a minimum metabolic index of ~2 to 5, indicative of a critical energetic requirement for organismal activity. The combined effects of warming and O2 loss this century are projected to reduce the upper ocean's metabolic index by ~20% globally and by ~50% in northern high-latitude regions, forcing poleward and vertical contraction of metabolically viable habitats and species ranges.
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            Ocean pCO2 calculated from dissolved inorganic carbon, alkalinity, and equations for K1 and K2: validation based on laboratory measurements of CO2 in gas and seawater at equilibrium

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              Ocean model predictions of chemistry changes from carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and ocean

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                The Journal of Experimental Biology
                J Exp Biol
                The Company of Biologists
                0022-0949
                1477-9145
                October 11 2018
                October 01 2018
                October 01 2018
                August 15 2018
                : 221
                : 19
                : jeb187443
                Article
                10.1242/jeb.187443
                ce82e355-6f49-47fe-ba51-63551cbd3358
                © 2018

                http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/

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