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      Vertebrae Destruction with Cauda Equina Syndrome Secondary to Spinal Gouty Arthritis: A Case Report

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          Abstract

          Gouty arthritis commonly affects peripheral joints and is associated with hyperuricaemia. Spinal manifestations of gouty arthritis are not common, and majority of published articles worldwide were case reports. This is a case report of spinal gouty arthritis that presented with spinal vertebrae destruction and cauda equina syndrome. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed destruction of L5/S1end plates with cystic collection mimicking infective changes. The tissue histological examination confirmed presence of urate crystal needles that displayed negative double refraction on light microscopy. Spinal gouty arthritis is part of the differential diagnoses in gouty arthritis patients.

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          Most cited references4

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          Correlates of axial gout: a cross-sectional study.

          A cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of axial gout in patients with established gouty arthritis and to analyze clinical, laboratory, and radiological correlations. Forty-eight subjects with a history of gouty arthritis (American College of Rheumatology criteria) for ≥ 3 years under poor control were included. Subjects underwent history, physical examination, laboratory testing, and imaging studies, including radiographs of the hands and feet and computerized tomography (CT) of the cervical and lumbar spines and sacroiliac joints (SIJ). Patients with characteristic erosions and/or tophi in the spine or SIJ were considered to have axial or spinal gout. Seventeen patients (35%) had CT evidence of spinal erosions and/or tophi, with tophi identified in 7 of the 48 subjects (15%). The spinal location of axial gout was cervical in 7 patients (15%), lumbar in 16 (94%), SIJ in 1 (6%), and more than 1 location in 14 (82%). Duration of gout, presence of back pain, and serum uric acid levels did not correlate with axial gout. Extremity radiographs characteristic of gouty arthropathy found in 21 patients (45%) were strongly correlated with CT evidence of axial gout (p < 0.001). All patients with tophi in the spine had abnormal hand or feet radiographs (p = 0.005). Axial gout may be a common feature of chronic gouty arthritis. The lack of correlation with back pain, the infrequent use of CT imaging in patients with back pain, and the lack of recognition of the problem of spinal involvement in gouty arthritis suggest that this diagnosis is often missed.
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            A Case of Tophaceous Gout in the Lumbar Spine: A Review of the Literature and Treatment Recommendations

            Study Design Case report. Objective The objective of this study is to report the occurrence of tophaceous gout in the lumbar spine. Methods Using a case report to illustrate the key points of gout in the spine, we provide a brief review of gout in the literature as it relates to its orthopedic and spinal manifestations as well as guidelines for management. Results This case report details the occurrence of a large and clinically significant finding of tophaceous gout in the lumbar spine in a 24-year-old man with a known history of gout and a 3-year history of progressive back pain. Conclusion A high index of suspicion can assist in diagnosis of patients presenting with back pain or neurologic findings with a history of gout. A previous history of gout (especially the presence of tophi), hyperuricemia, and the radiological characteristics presented here should aid the clinician in making the diagnosis of spinal gout. Early diagnosis has the potential to prevent the need for surgical intervention.
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              Crystal arthropathy of the lumbar spine: a report of 4 cases.

              Gout or pseudogout, caused by deposition of crystals, rarely affects the spine. We report 4 cases with gout or pseudogout in the lumbar spine. Two had cauda equina syndrome and another 2 had spinal stenosis. To avoid unnecessary surgery, this should be considered in the differential diagnosis when treating patients with histories of gout or pseudogout for spinal problems.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Malays Orthop J
                Malays Orthop J
                moj
                Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal
                Malaysian Orthopaedic Association (Kuala Lumpur )
                1985-2533
                2232-111X
                July 2020
                : 14
                : 2
                : 141-144
                Affiliations
                Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
                Author notes
                Corresponding Author: Kwong-Lee Wan, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor Malaysia Email: wankwonglee@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                10.5704/MOJ.2007.024
                7513649
                cebdc1fc-87a0-4503-b3c1-698a3b524ba0
                © 2020 Malaysian Orthopaedic Association (MOA). All Rights Reserved

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

                History
                : 16 March 2019
                : 18 May 2020
                Categories
                Case Report

                spinal gouty arthritis,spinal gouty tophi,spine gout,spinal canal stenosis secondary to gout,vertebral destruction secondary to gout

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