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      Human sacrifice and intentional corpse preservation in the Royal Cemetery of Ur

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          Abstract

          The Royal Tombs at Ur have been long famous for their chilling scenario of young soldiers and courtesans who loyally took poison to die with their mistress. The authors investigate two of the original skulls with CT scans and propose a procedure no less chilling, but more enforceable. The victims were participants in an elaborate funerary ritual during which they were felled with a sharp instrument, heated, embalmed with mercury, dressed and laid ceremonially in rows.

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          Examining histology to identify burned bone

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            A practical approach to the identification of low temperature heated bone using TEM

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              Taphonomic Changes to Blunt Force Trauma: A Preliminary Study

              This study examines the effects of taphonomic processes on blunt force trauma (BFT) through an experimental study involving pig heads. Of particular concern is the possibility that taphonomic changes can create pseudo-trauma and/or conceal evidence of actual trauma. BFT was inflicted on 10 pig skulls using a hammer. The skulls were subsequently exposed to the environment for 12 months. Seven taphonomic changes were evaluated: the freeze-thaw cycle; rodent gnawing; carnivore scavenging; presence/weight of soil; presence/weight of rain and snow; movement/displacement of bones; and discoloration due to sun bleaching and grass staining. Taphonomic effects varied between cancellous, compact, fresh, and degreased bone. Freezing and thawing, exposure to rain and snow, movement of the skulls, and soil erosion altered and, in some cases disguised, pre-existing trauma. Rodent and carnivore activity did not obliterate evidence of BFT. Recommendations for evaluating BFT on remains affected by taphonomic processes are presented. As each taphonomic process outlined by this study has the potential to disguise antemortem injury, the authors propose that one must carefully examine large, circular openings in the skull that may represent the remnant evidence of BFT.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                applab
                Antiquity
                Antiquity
                Cambridge University Press (CUP)
                0003-598X
                1745-1744
                March 2011
                January 2 2015
                : 85
                : 327
                : 27-42
                Article
                10.1017/S0003598X00067417
                cf4159c4-aa37-406e-977a-471c2f50e652
                © 2015
                History

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