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      LAS SUPERVIVENCIAS Y AVERSIONES DE LOS REVOLUCIONARIOS COLOMBIANOS: PREFERENCIAS ESTRATÉGICAS DE GRUPOS GUERRILLEROS ANTE LA POSIBILIDAD DE NEGOCIAR LA PAZ Translated title: SURVIVALS AND AVERSIONS OF COLOMBIAN REVOLUTIONARIES: STRATEGIC PREFERENCES OF GUERRILLA GROUPS FACED WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF NEGOTIATING PEACE

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          Abstract

          ¿Por qué grupos como el M-19, el Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL), el Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores (PRT) y la CRS decidieron negociar un acuerdo de paz mientras que las FARC-EP y el ELN se negaron a hacerlo? Basado en un análisis histórico del comportamiento político de estos grupos, se argumenta en este ensayo que la disposición a negociar depende, al menos en parte, del carácter "extremista" o "moderado" de los beligerantes, el cual varía en función de la relación de fuerza entre "duros" y "suaves" (distribución de recursos políticos, financieros, y estratégicos) dentro de cada actor colectivo. Se identifican además cuatro decisiones estratégicas: el reconocimiento del adversario, la aceptación del principio de negociación, el llamado a la definición de reglas de definición y el envío de señales costosas a favor de la paz, que permiten distinguir un extremista de un moderado en un contexto de conflicto armado interno. El uso de la violencia como herramienta política no es necesariamente un indicador de extremismo.

          Translated abstract

          Why did certain Colombian armed groups such as the M-19, the Popular Liberation Army (EPL), the Workers' Revolutionary Party (PRT) and the Socialist Renovation Current (CRS) decide to sign a peace agreement while others, such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the National Liberation Army (ELN) refused to do so? Based on a historical analysis of the political behavior of these armed groups, this essay shows that willingness to negotiate depends, at least partly, on the belligerents' extremism or modera-tion, which varies as a function of the balance of power between 'hardliners' and 'softlin-ers' (distribution of political, economic, and strategic resources) within each collective actor. The essay identifies four strategic choices: recognition of the adversary, acceptance of negotiation as a valid political tool for conflict resolution, calls for defining the rules of peace negotiations, and sending costly signals in favor of peace, which help to distinguish a moderate from an extremist. The essay concludes that the use of political violence is not necessarily an indicator of extremism.

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          The Consequences of Negotiated Settlements in Civil Wars, 1945–1993

          We know very little about how civil wars end. Harrison Wagner has argued that negotiated settlements of civil wars are likely to break down because segments of power-sharing governments retain the capacity for resorting to civil war while victory destroys the losers' organization, making it very difficult to resume the war. An analysis of a data set of 91 post-1945 civil wars generally supports this hypothesis but only in wars over identity issues. Moreover, while military victories may be less likely to break down than negotiated settlements of identity civil wars, they are also more likely to be followed by acts of genocide. Outsiders concerned with minimizing violence thus face a dilemma.
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            Delegative democracy

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              Dilemmas of Democratization in Latin America

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rci
                Colombia Internacional
                colomb.int.
                Departamento de Ciencia Política y Centro de Estudios Internacionales. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de los Andes (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0121-5612
                July 2010
                : 72
                : 5-27
                Affiliations
                [01] montreal orgnamela universidad de montreal orgdiv1centro de estudios de paz y seguridad internacional canadá f.chinchilla@ 123456ciencespobordeaux.fr
                Article
                S0121-56122010000200001 S0121-5612(10)00007201
                cf4fe344-b788-438f-b5bc-a9715e70f3f5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 June 2010
                : 11 October 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 50, Pages: 23
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Análisis

                recursos estratégicos,recursos económicos,recursos políticos,moderación,extremismo,relaciones de fuerza,pacto de paz,actor armado,strategic resources,economic resources,political resources,softliners,hardliners,balance of power,peace pact,armed group

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