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      Student acceptance of e-learning methods in the laboratory class in Optometry

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Today’s students have increased expectations for flexible learning options and evidence-based practice resources to be available to support curricular activities. We investigated: (i) the suitability of a static website for teaching ocular anatomy and physiology and an interactive version of the website with quiz and self-assessment activities and (ii) the usefulness of a blended online and in-lab environment to teach in Optometry. We administered a survey to compare responses of optometry students who had access to the interactive website, with those from students from a previous year who used the static version. We examined learning preferences of students in a focus group. Students were positive about the value of the website for their learning and the clarity of the website content. Nevertheless, objective comparison of pass rates for students using the static and interactive websites did not show significant changes. The majority of students commenting on the static website felt they did not get sufficient feedback via the website (67%) compared with only 22% from students who used self-assessments in the interactive website. Interestingly, users of the static website commented that it was perceived as just another resource while users of the interactive website commented on the usefulness of the material to review knowledge before laboratories. In the focus group, students reported they preferred a blended learning over the website alone even by students using the interactive website as they felt the need to revise content with the educator before the test. We conclude that there is acceptance of online learning methods due to the technologically ‘savvy’ environment of students in the first year of the Optometry programme but there is still dependence on the educator as the main administrator of their learning.

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          Formative assessment and self‐regulated learning: a model and seven principles of good feedback practice

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            Online formative assessment in higher education: A review of the literature

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              Effectiveness of problem-based learning curricula: research and theory.

              J Colliver (2000)
              This article provides a critical overview of problem-based learning (PBL), its effectiveness for knowledge acquisition and clinical performance, and the underlying educational theory. The focus of the paper is on (1) the credibility of claims (both empirical and theoretical) about the ties between PBL and educational outcomes and (2) the magnitude of the effects. The author reviewed the medical education literature, starting with three reviews published in 1993 and moving on to research published from 1992 through 1998 in the primary sources for research in medical education. For each study the author wrote a summary, which included study design, outcome measures, effect sizes, and any other information relevant to the research conclusion. The review of the literature revealed no convincing evidence that PBL improves knowledge base and clinical performance, at least not of the magnitude that would be expected given the resources required for a PBL curriculum. The results were considered in light of the educational theory that underlies PBL and its basic research. The author concludes that the ties between educational theory and research (both basic and applied) are loose at best.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                13 December 2018
                2018
                : 13
                : 12
                : e0209004
                Affiliations
                [1 ] School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
                [2 ] New Zealand National Eye Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
                [3 ] Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
                [4 ] Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
                [5 ] Student Learning Services, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
                [6 ] Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
                [7 ] University of Canberra, Bruce Campus, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
                University of Botswana Faculty of Medicine, BOTSWANA
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                [¤]

                Current address: School of Optometry, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5018-339X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-6651
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6709-1785
                Article
                PONE-D-18-10533
                10.1371/journal.pone.0209004
                6292661
                30543719
                cf61db65-b014-41d5-a193-3d976e0fc8a3
                © 2018 Acosta et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 8 April 2018
                : 28 November 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 2, Pages: 15
                Funding
                Funded by: University of Auckland Teaching Improvement Grant
                Award ID: UoATIG2008
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: University of Auckland Teaching Improvement Grant
                Award ID: UoATIG2010
                Award Recipient :
                This work was supported by the University of Auckland Teaching Improvement grants; Grant numbers UoATIG2008, UoATIG2010.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Neuroscience
                Cognitive Science
                Cognitive Psychology
                Learning
                Human Learning
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
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                Learning
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                Learning
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                Physiology
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                Anatomy
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                Anatomy
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                Medicine and Health Sciences
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                Ocular System
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                Research and Analysis Methods
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                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Anatomy
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                Biology and Life Sciences
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