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      Influence of the fungi population on the physicochemical and chemical composition of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Translated title: Influência da população fúngica na composição físico-química e química do grão de café (Coffea arabica L.)

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          Abstract

          The influence of fungi associated with coffee fruits was verified regarding the chemical and physicochemical composition of Coffea arabica L. raw grains. The fruits were harvested at EPAMIG Experimental farm in Lavras, State of Minas Gerais - making up the different samples here analyzed. After processing and drying, the grains were incubated in wet chamber for fungal exteriorization through the blotter test method and submitted to the following analyses: polyphenoloxidase, total reducing and non-reducing sugars, clorogenic acid, titrable acidity, potassium leaching, electric conductivity and caffeine. The occurrence of the P. variable, P. rugulosum, P. funiculosum, F. equiseti, F. semitectum, A.alutaceus, A. niger and C. cladosporioides fungi in the different samples was detected. From the analysis of the results obtained, it was observed that the presence of the Aspergillus alutaceus fungus reduces the activity of the enzyme polyphenoloxidase and increases the values of potassium leaching, electric conductivity and chlorogenic acid. The incidence of the Cladosporium cladosporioides fungus influenced the average values of potassium leaching and electric conductivity.

          Translated abstract

          Verificou-se a influência dos fungos associados aos frutos de café na composição físico-química e química do grão beneficiado de Coffea arabica L. Os frutos foram colhidos na fazenda Experimental da EPAMIG, no município de Lavras-MG. Após beneficiamento e secagem, os grãos foram incubados em câmara úmida para exteriorização dos fungos através do método blotter test e submetidos às análises de polifenoloxidase, açúcares totais redutores e não redutores, ácido clorogênico, acidez titulável, lixiviação de potássio, condutividade elétrica e cafeína. Verificou-se a ocorrência dos fungos Penicillium variable, P. rugulosum, P. funiculosum, Fusarium semitectum, F.equiseti, Aspergillus alutaceus, A. niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides. Pela análise dos resultados obtidos observou-se que a presença do fungo Aspergillus alutaceus reduz a atividade da enzima polifenoloxidase e aumenta os valores de lixiviação de potássio, condutividade elétrica e fenólicos totais. A incidência do fungo Cladosporium cladosporioides influenciou nos valores médios de lixiviação de potássio e condutividade elétrica.

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          Normas analíticas: métodos químicos e físicos para a análise de alimentos

          (1985)
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            Toxigenic fungi associated with processed (green) coffee beans (Coffea arabica L.).

            L. Batista (2003)
            Processed (green) coffee beans from Coffea arabica in Brazil were assessed for the presence of Aspergillus and Penicillium species both before and after surface sterilisation, the aflatoxigenic and ochratoxigenic potential of the isolates and ochratoxin A levels. Contamination by Aspergillus and Penicillium species was found on 96% and 42%, respectively, of 45 samples from 11 localities. After disinfection with 1% sodium hypochlorite, the levels fell to 47% and 24%, respectively. One hundred and eighty isolates were identified to species level and comprised Aspergillus sections Circumdati (10 species), Flavi (3), Nigri (3), Versicolores (4), while two were teleomorphic species. Eight species of Penicillium were isolated. Within section Circumdati, 75% of the isolates produced ochratoxin A and all except Aspergillus elegans and Aspergillus insulicola have previously been reported to produce ochratoxin A. One-third of the 18 isolates of Aspergillus flavus produced aflatoxin B1 and B2. None of the isolates belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri or Penicillium produced ochratoxin A. Of the 40 bean samples analysed, 58% were infected with potentially ochratoxigenic fungi but only 22% of these were contaminated with ochratoxin A at levels that varied from 0.47 to 4.82 ng/g, with an average contamination level of 2.45 ng/g.
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              Avaliação da qualidade de grão crus e torrados de cultivares de cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.)

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cta
                Food Science and Technology (Campinas)
                Food Sci. Technol (Campinas)
                Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (Campinas )
                1678-457X
                September 2011
                : 31
                : 3
                : 681-687
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade do Vale do Paraíba Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Lavras Brazil
                Article
                S0101-20612011000300020
                10.1590/S0101-20612011000300020
                cf90a636-10cd-47d4-8b29-92b2c3c0d1ec

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0101-2061&lng=en
                Categories
                FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

                Food science & Technology
                fungi incidence,coffee quality,bromatological parameters,incidência fúngica,qualidade do café,parâmetros bromatológicos

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