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      Biología floral de Passiflora foetida (Passifloraceae)

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          Abstract

          Un experimento reproductivo muestra que Passiflora foetida es autocompatible. Observaciones de las características florales y de los visitantes durante la antesis, más el análisis del polen transportado, permitieron identificar el síndrome floral (melitofilia) y las funciones de cada visitante. La antesis ocurre desde las 6 hasta las 11 hs. Se identificaron 3 fases florales: 1) estigmas por encima de las anteras, 2) estigmas a la altura de las anteras, 3) estigmas por encima de las anteras; los radii, los pétalos y los sépalos se incurvan. Los estigmas están receptivos durante toda la antesis. La concentración de azúcares del néctar es 34 %. El color predominante en el espectro visible es el blanco. En el espectro UV, los estambres y el gineceo contrastan con el limen y el androginóforo; pueden ser una guía de néctar. Tres especies de himenópteros fueron los visitantes más frecuentes y constantes: Ptiloglossa tarsata (Colletidae) siempre contactan las anteras y los estigmas cuando liban, transportan un alto porcentaje de polen de P. foetida y visitan flores en fase 1 y 2; pueden ser considerados los principales polinizadores. Pseudaugochloropsis sp. (Halictidae) raramente contactan las anteras o los estigmas cuando perforan el limen para acceder al néctar y visitan flores en fase 2 y 3; son ladrones de néctar que raramente polinizan. Augochlorella sp. (Halictidae) recolectan polen sin tocar los estigmas y visitan flores en fase 2 y 3; son hurtadores de polen.

          Translated abstract

          A reproductive experiment shows that Passiflora foetida is autocompatible. Observations of floral characteristics and visitors during anthesis, plus the analysis of pollen allowed identification of floral syndrome (melittophily) and functions for each visitor. Anthesis occurs from 6 to 11 AM. Three floral phases were identified: 1) stigmas above anthers, 2) stigmas at anther level, 3) stigmas above anthers; radii, petals and sepals become incurved. The stigmas are receptive during the whole anthesis. The concentration of sugars in nectar is 34 %. The predominant color in the visible spectrum is white. The stamens and the gynoecium contrast against the limen and androgynophore in the UV spectrum, maybe a nectar guide. Three species of hymenopterans are the most frequent and constant visitors: Ptiloglossa tarsata (Colletidae) always contact the anthers and the stigmas while sucking nectar, carry a high percentage of P. foetida pollen and visit flowers in phases 1 and 2; they can be considered the main pollinators. Pseudaugochloropsis sp. (Halictidae) rarely contact anthers and stigmas while puncturing the limen to access nectar, and visit flowers in phases 2 and 3; they are nectar robbers that rarely pollinate. Augochlorella sp. (Halictidae) collect pollen without touching the stigmas and visit flowers in phases 2 and 3; they are pollen thieves.

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          Most cited references26

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          Plant microtechnique

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            POLLEN-OVULE RATIOS: A CONSERVATIVE INDICATOR OF BREEDING SYSTEMS IN FLOWERING PLANTS

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              Pollen-Ovule Ratios: A Conservative Indicator of Breeding Systems in Flowering Plants

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbt
                Revista de Biología Tropical
                Rev. biol. trop
                Universidad de Costa Rica (San José )
                0034-7744
                June 1998
                : 46
                : 2
                : 191-202
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Ciudad Universitaria Argentina
                Article
                S0034-77441998000200002
                cfd6cb36-4d00-4619-8f39-a65da7c9e88e

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Costa Rica

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0034-7744&lng=en
                Categories
                Biodiversity Conservation
                Biology

                General life sciences,Animal science & Zoology
                Reproductive system,floral syndrome,flower visitors,pollinators,Passiflora

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