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      Physiological adjustments, fiber yield and quality of colored cotton BRS Topázio cultivar under leaf silicon spraying Translated title: Ajustes fisiológicos, rendimento e qualidade de fibras de algodão colorido cultivar BRS Topázio sob pulverização foliar de silício

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Abiotic stresses reduce the yield and quality of cotton production, however, this problem may be mitigated by exogenous elicitors. This study investigated physiological adjustments, improvement in productivity, and fiber yield and quality from naturally colored cotton BRS Topázio cultivar under leaf silicon spraying. Five doses of silicon (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg L-1) were tested in a completely randomized design. The variables assessed were physiological, production, fiber yield and quality. Data were submitted to principal component analysis, multivariate and univariate variance, and multiple linear regression. Silicon promotes physiological adjustments, increased production, cotton fiber yield and quality. Optimum silicon dose varies depending on the variable response. Fiber quality from plants treated with silicon is within the expected pattern for this cultivar and the international standard D-4605 of the American Society for Testing and Materials. Therefore, planting BRS Topázio cultivar under silicon foliar applications may be recommended to improve the naturally colored fiber cotton production chain in the Brazilian semiarid region.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Estresses abióticos reduzem o rendimento e a qualidade da produção de algodão e isso pode ser atenuado pelo uso de eliciadores exógenos. Este estudo investigou ajustes fisiológicos, melhoria da produtividade, rendimento e qualidade da fibra do algodão naturalmente colorido cultivar BRS Topázio sob pulverização de silício foliar. Foram testadas cinco doses de silício (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg L-1), em delineamento inteiramente casualizado; e avaliadas variáveis fisiológicas, produção, rendimento e qualidade de fibra. Os dados foram submetidos às análises de componentes principais, variância multivariada e univariada e regressão linear múltipla. O silício promove ajustes fisiológicos, aumento de produção, rendimento e qualidade de fibra de algodão. A dose ideal de silício varia em função da variável resposta avaliada. A qualidade da fibra de plantas tratadas com silício está dentro dos valores esperados para a cultivar e em conformidade com a norma internacional D-4605 da American Society for Testing and Materials. Portanto, o plantio da cultivar BRS Topázio com aplicações foliares de silício pode ser recomendado para melhoria da cadeia produtiva de algodão de fibra naturalmente colorida no semiárido do Brasil.

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          Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants.

          Various abiotic stresses lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants which are highly reactive and toxic and cause damage to proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and DNA which ultimately results in oxidative stress. The ROS comprises both free radical (O(2)(-), superoxide radicals; OH, hydroxyl radical; HO(2), perhydroxy radical and RO, alkoxy radicals) and non-radical (molecular) forms (H(2)O(2), hydrogen peroxide and (1)O(2), singlet oxygen). In chloroplasts, photosystem I and II (PSI and PSII) are the major sites for the production of (1)O(2) and O(2)(-). In mitochondria, complex I, ubiquinone and complex III of electron transport chain (ETC) are the major sites for the generation of O(2)(-). The antioxidant defense machinery protects plants against oxidative stress damages. Plants possess very efficient enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; ascorbate peroxidase, APX; glutathione reductase, GR; monodehydroascorbate reductase, MDHAR; dehydroascorbate reductase, DHAR; glutathione peroxidase, GPX; guaicol peroxidase, GOPX and glutathione-S- transferase, GST) and non-enzymatic (ascorbic acid, ASH; glutathione, GSH; phenolic compounds, alkaloids, non-protein amino acids and α-tocopherols) antioxidant defense systems which work in concert to control the cascades of uncontrolled oxidation and protect plant cells from oxidative damage by scavenging of ROS. ROS also influence the expression of a number of genes and therefore control the many processes like growth, cell cycle, programmed cell death (PCD), abiotic stress responses, pathogen defense, systemic signaling and development. In this review, we describe the biochemistry of ROS and their production sites, and ROS scavenging antioxidant defense machinery. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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            COPPER ENZYMES IN ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS. POLYPHENOLOXIDASE IN BETA VULGARIS

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              The Application of Electronic Computers to Factor Analysis

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cagro
                Ciência e Agrotecnologia
                Ciênc. agrotec.
                Editora da Universidade Federal de Lavras (Lavras, MG, Brazil )
                1413-7054
                1981-1829
                2021
                : 45
                : e005721
                Affiliations
                [3] Maceió orgnameUniversidade Federal de Alagoas Brazil
                [4] Piracicaba orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [6] Campina Grande Paraíba orgnameUniversidade Estadual da Paraíba Brazil
                [2] Campina Grande Paraíba orgnameUniversidade Federal de Campina Grande Brazil
                [5] São Cristóvão orgnameUniversidade Federal de Sergipe Brazil
                [1] Sumé Paraíba orgnameUniversidade Federal de Campina Grande Brazil
                Article
                S1413-70542021000100217 S1413-7054(21)04500000217
                10.1590/1413-7054202145005721
                cff06983-2dfa-49ee-8b3c-61bfa14bc61d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 June 2021
                : 18 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 50, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Agricultural Sciences

                semiárido,Gossypium hirsutum,fiber technologies.,potassium silicate,semiarid,tecnologia de fibras.,silicato de potássio

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