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      Respiratory muscle strength and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis Translated title: Força muscular respiratória e qualidade de vida em pacientes com doença renal crônica submetidos à hemodiálise

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          Abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Hemodialysis (HD) sessions associated with the chronic kidney disease (CKD) repercussions may cause respiratory muscle impairment and limitations of daily living activities, which may compromise the quality of life. Objective: To evaluate respiratory muscle strength and quality of life in HD patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving CKD patients of both sexes undergoing HD. All were evaluated during HD, using an evaluation form containing personal and clinical data, presence of comorbidities, lifestyle (including self-reported physical activity) and vital signs. Respiratory muscle strength was analyzed by maximum inspiratory (MIP) and maximum expiratory (MEP) pressures by manovacuometer and quality of life using the SF-36 questionnaire. Results: Sixty-eight patients were evaluated (69.1% men), with a mean age of 54.9 ± 13.6 years. The MEP% was below of predicted (79.5 ± 25.7) and the MIP% was reduced only in women (77.8 ± 38.7). The MIP% was related to CKD time (p = 0.04) in men. The SF-36 domain that showed the most impairment was physical limitation [25.0 (13.0-67.0)], while mental health was the least impaired domain [72.0 (62.0-84.0)]. Those who reported the practice of physical activity obtained better results in vitality domain (p = 0.01). In the analysis stratified by sex, the functional capacity domain was less compromised in men who practiced self-reported physical activity (p = 0.02). Conclusion: CKD patients undergoing HD had a reduction in MEP relative to predicted, in addition to a greater impairment of MIP in men with longer CKD time and in women alone, although the clinical relevance of this finding is uncertain. Quality of life was more compromised in the physical limitation domain, where those who self-reported physical activity achieved better results in the domains of vitality (total sample) and functional capacity (men).

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Introdução: As sessões de hemodiálise (HD) associadas às repercussões da doença renal crônica (DRC) podem causar comprometimento muscular respiratório e limitações das atividades de vida diária, o que pode comprometer a qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Avaliar a força muscular respiratória e a qualidade de vida em pacientes em HD. Métodos: Estudo transversal envolvendo pacientes de ambos os sexos com DRC submetidos à HD. Todos foram avaliados durante a HD, por meio de uma ficha de avaliação contendo dados pessoais e clínicos, presença de comorbidades, hábitos de vida (incluindo a prática de atividade física autorreferida) e sinais vitais. A força muscular respiratória foi analisada pelas pressões inspiratória máxima (PImáx) e expiratória máxima (PEmáx) por meio do manovacuômetro e a qualidade de vida através do questionário SF-36. Resultados: Foram avaliados 68 pacientes (69,1% homens), com idade média de 54,9 ± 13,6 anos. O %PEmáx foi abaixo do predito (79,5 ± 25,7) e o %PImáx foi reduzido apenas em mulheres (77,8 ± 38,7). Nos homens, a %PImáx foi relacionada ao tempo de DRC (p = 0,04). O domínio do SF-36 que apresentou maior comprometimento foi a limitação física [25,0 (13,0-67,0)], enquanto a saúde mental foi o domínio menos prejudicado [72,0 (62,0-84,0)]. Aqueles que relataram a prática de atividade física obtiveram melhores resultados no domínio vitalidade (p = 0,01). Na análise estratificada por sexo, o domínio capacidade funcional foi menos comprometido nos homens que praticavam atividade física autorrelatada (p = 0,02). Conclusão: Pacientes com DRC submetidos à HDe apresentaram redução na PEmáx em relação ao predito, além de maior comprometimento da PImáx nos homens com maior tempo de DRC e nas mulheres isoladamente, apesar da relevância clínica desse achado ser incerta. A qualidade de vida foi mais comprometida no domínio limitação física, onde aqueles que relataram praticar atividade física obtiveram melhores resultados nos domínios vitalidade (amostra total) e capacidade funcional (homens).

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          Defining and setting national goals for cardiovascular health promotion and disease reduction: the American Heart Association's strategic Impact Goal through 2020 and beyond.

          This document details the procedures and recommendations of the Goals and Metrics Committee of the Strategic Planning Task Force of the American Heart Association, which developed the 2020 Impact Goals for the organization. The committee was charged with defining a new concept, cardiovascular health, and determining the metrics needed to monitor it over time. Ideal cardiovascular health, a concept well supported in the literature, is defined by the presence of both ideal health behaviors (nonsmoking, body mass index <25 kg/m(2), physical activity at goal levels, and pursuit of a diet consistent with current guideline recommendations) and ideal health factors (untreated total cholesterol <200 mg/dL, untreated blood pressure <120/<80 mm Hg, and fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL). Appropriate levels for children are also provided. With the use of levels that span the entire range of the same metrics, cardiovascular health status for the whole population is defined as poor, intermediate, or ideal. These metrics will be monitored to determine the changing prevalence of cardiovascular health status and define achievement of the Impact Goal. In addition, the committee recommends goals for further reductions in cardiovascular disease and stroke mortality. Thus, the committee recommends the following Impact Goals: "By 2020, to improve the cardiovascular health of all Americans by 20% while reducing deaths from cardiovascular diseases and stroke by 20%." These goals will require new strategic directions for the American Heart Association in its research, clinical, public health, and advocacy programs for cardiovascular health promotion and disease prevention in the next decade and beyond.
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            Reference values for lung function tests: II. Maximal respiratory pressures and voluntary ventilation

            The strength of the respiratory muscles can be evaluated from static measurements (maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, MIP and MEP) or inferred from dynamic maneuvers (maximal voluntary ventilation, MVV). Although these data could be suitable for a number of clinical and research applications, no previous studies have provided reference values for such tests using a healthy, randomly selected sample of the adult Brazilian population. With this main purpose, we prospectively evaluated 100 non-smoking subjects (50 males and 50 females), 20 to 80 years old, selected from more than 8,000 individuals. Gender-specific linear prediction equations for MIP, MEP and MVV were developed by multiple regression analysis: age and, secondarily, anthropometric measurements explained up to 56% of the variability of the dependent variables. The most cited previous studies using either Caucasian or non-Caucasian samples systematically underestimated the observed values of MIP (P<0.05). Interestingly, the self-reported level of regular physical activity and maximum aerobic power correlates strongly with both respiratory and peripheral muscular strength (knee extensor peak torque) (P<0.01). Our results, therefore, provide a new frame of reference to evaluate the normalcy of some useful indexes of respiratory muscle strength in Brazilian males and females aged 20 to 80.
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              Pressões respiratórias estáticas máximas

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                fm
                Fisioterapia em Movimento
                Fisioter. mov.
                Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (Curitiba, PR, Brazil )
                1980-5918
                2021
                : 34
                : e34113
                Affiliations
                [1] Macapá Amapá orgnameUniversidade Federal do Amapá orgdiv1Department of Biological Sciences and Health orgdiv2Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiotherapy Laboratory Brazil
                Article
                S0103-51502021000100216 S0103-5150(21)03400000216
                10.1590/fm.2021.34113
                d00f30a5-6b85-43f5-abde-bc0ac6252c84

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 30 December 2020
                : 11 May 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Original Articles

                Respiratory muscles,Maximum respiratory pressures,Quality of life,Insuficiência renal crônica,Diálise renal,Músculos respiratórios,Pressões respiratórias máximas,Qualidade de vida,Chronic kidney failure,Renal dialysis

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