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      Macrofactores determinantes de la infestación por Aedes aegypti en centros laborales del municipio de Santiago de Cuba Translated title: Decisive macrofactors of infestation due to Aedes aegypti in institutions from Santiago de Cuba municipality

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          Abstract

          Se efectuó un estudio analítico, de casos y controles, de 116 centros laborales del municipio de Santiago de Cuba, durante junio del 2011, para identificar los macrofactores determinantes en los índices de infestación por Aedes aegypti en tanques bajos y elevados, cisternas y otros depósitos de agua sin condiciones de hermeticidad, que se convierten en focos generadores del mosquito. Para ello se seleccionaron 48 instituciones con criaderos (casos) y 96 sin estos (2 controles por caso), además de los macrofactores: comportamiento de los trabajadores y la comunidad, agentes medioambientales y organizacionales de la entidad laboral y del Programa Nacional para la Erradicación del Mosquito Aedes aegypti. En la serie los resultados se validaron mediante la oportunidad relativa, el riesgo atribuible en expuesto porcentual y la diferencia de medias, lo cual permitió concluir que el control adecuado de los tanques bajos y elevados no protegidos, el funcionamiento del autofocal laboral, la limpieza y desobstrucción de los tragantes y drenes, de los solares yermos o terrenos enyerbados, así como la elevación de la calidad del trabajo de los operarios A, lograrían reducir la infestación en los centros laborales

          Translated abstract

          An analytic cases - controls study of 116 institutions from Santiago de Cuba municipality was carried out during June, 2011, to identify the decisive macrofactors in the infestation indexes due to Aedes aegypti in low and high deposits, cisterns and other water reservoirs without hermetic conditions which become mosquitoes generating focuses. For this purpose, 48 institutions with hatcheries (cases) and 96 without them (2 controls per case), were selected, besides the macrofactors: the workers and the community behaviors, environmental and organizational agents of the institution and of the National Program for the Eradication of the Mosquito Aedes aegypti. In the series the results were validated by means of the relative opportunity, the attributable risk in exposed percentage and the difference of means, which allowed to conclude that the appropriate control of the low deposits and high unprotected deposits, the focus institution detection, the cleaning and unsobstruction of flues and drainages, the deserted grounds or grassed fields, as well as the increase in quality of the work of the operators A, could reduce the infestation in these institutions

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          Most cited references23

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          Variation in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) container productivity in a slum and a suburban district of Rio de Janeiro during dry and wet seasons.

          Seasonal variation in container productivity and infestation levels by Aedes aegypti were evaluated in two areas with distinct levels of urbanization degrees in Rio de Janeiro, a slum and a suburban neighborhood. The four most productive containers can generate up to 90% of total pupae. Large and open-mouthed containers, such as water tanks and metal drums, located outdoors were the most productive in both areas, with up to 47.49% of total Ae. aegypti pupae collected in the shaded sites in the suburban area. Water-tanks were identified as key containers in both areas during both the dry and rainy seasons. Container productivity varied according to seasons and urbanization degree. However, the mean number of pupae per house was higher in the suburban area, but not varied between seasons within each area (P > 0.05). High infestation indexes were observed for both localities, with a house index of 20.5-21.14 in the suburban and of 9.56-11.22 in the urban area. This report gives potential support to a more focused and cost-effective Ae. aegypti control in Rio de Janeiro.
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            Aspectos bioecológicos de importancia para el control de Aedes aegypti y otros culícidos en el ecosistema urbano

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              Assessment of a new strategy, based on Aedes aegypti (L.) pupal productivity, for the surveillance and control of dengue transmission in Thailand.

              In the countries where the disease is endemic, control of dengue is mainly based on the elimination or treatment of the water-filled containers where the main vector, Aedes aegypti, breeds, in interventions usually reliant on community participation. Although such control activities must be continuous, since vector eradication appears impossible, it should be possible to reduce the incidence of dengue significantly, in a cost-effective manner, by targeting only those types of containers in which large numbers of Ae. aegypti are produced. This strategy is now recommended by the World Health Organization, although it depends on the most productive types of container being carefully identified, in each endemic region. In Thailand, exhaustive surveys of 3125 wet containers in 240 houses in either an urban area (100-120 houses) or a rural area (120 houses) were conducted during a rainy and a dry season in 2004-2005. Indices based on the numbers of Ae. aegypti pupae observed were found to correlate with the 'classical' entomological indices that are based on all of the immature stages of the vector. Overall, 2.3 and 0.8 Ae. aegypti pupae were observed per person in the rural and urban areas, respectively. Although adult female Ae. aegypti laid eggs in all 10 types of wet container that were identified, large water-storage containers produced the majority of the pupae, especially at the end of the dry season (when such containers accounted for 90% of the pupae detected in the rural area and 60% of those in the urban area). Since these containers are large, easy to reach and account for, <50% of all wet containers, it should be relatively easy and quick to treat them with larvicide or to cover them. If even such targeted treatment is to be sustainable, however, it will have to be integrated, as one of several activities in which the at-risk communities are encouraged to participate.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                san
                MEDISAN
                MEDISAN
                Centro Provincial de Ciencias Médicas, Santiago de Cuba (Santiago de Cuba )
                1029-3019
                April 2014
                : 18
                : 4
                : 476-484
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Unidad Provincial de Vigilancia y Lucha Antivectorial Cuba
                [2 ] Centro Provincial de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología Cuba
                Article
                S1029-30192014000400003
                d062691b-ada8-4357-9176-0cb3a657b793

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1029-3019&lng=en
                Categories
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

                Internal medicine
                infestation factors due to Aedes aegypti,Aedes aegypti,institutions,National Program for the Eradication of the Mosquito Aedes aegypti,centros laborales,factores de infestación por Aedes aegypti,Programa Nacional para la Erradicación del Mosquito Aedes aegypti

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