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      Neumonía bullosa secundaria aElizabethkingia meningoseptica, su evolución clínica y radiológica Translated title: Bullous pneumonia secondary to Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, its clinical and radiological evolution

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          Abstract

          Elizabethkingia meningoseptica es un patógeno oportunista, con una elevada mortalidad y una incidencia en aumento en las terapias intensivas. Se presenta a una paciente de 4 años con antecedente de atresia de vías biliares y trasplante hepático a los 11 meses de vida, que se internó por infección respiratoria aguda baja con hipoxemia. Durante la internación, sufrió un empeoramiento clínico con requerimiento de asistencia respiratoria mecánica. Por fiebre e hipoxemia persistente, se realizó un minilavado broncoalveolar, con cultivo positivo para Elizabethkingia meningoseptica. Recibió vancomicina, trimetoprima/sulfametoxazol y ciprofloxacina durante 14 días, con buena respuesta. Una tomografía de tórax evidenció la presencia de hipoperfusión en mosaico, imágenes quísticas y bronquiectasias bilaterales. Durante los siguientes 2 años, presentó una buena evolución clínica, con escasas intercurrencias respiratorias, síntomas intercrisis aislados y buena tolerancia al ejercicio. En las imágenes de control, se evidenció la resolución de la mayoría de las lesiones iniciales a los 20 meses de su seguimiento.

          Translated abstract

          Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is an opportunistic pathogen with a high mortality and an increasing incidence in the intensive care units. We present a 4-year-old patient with a history of atresia of the biliary tract and a liver transplant at 11 months of age, who was admitted for acute respiratory infection with hypoxemia. During the hospitalization, she required mechanical ventilation. Due to persistent fever and hypoxemia, mini bronchoalveolar lavage was performed with a positive culture for Elizabethkingia meningoseptica. She received vancomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin for 14 days with a good response. A chest tomography showed the presence of mosaic hypoperfusion, cystic images, and bilateral bronchiectasis. During the following 2 years, she presented good clinical progress, with scarce respiratory infections, isolated symptoms and good tolerance to exercise. The resolution of the majority of the initial lesions was evidenced at 20 months of follow-up.

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          Most cited references15

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          Elizabethkingia meningoseptica: an important emerging pathogen causing healthcare-associated infections.

          Elizabethkingia meningoseptica has been deemed a potentially important threat to patients in critical care areas because of its multidrug-resistant phenotype and its ability to adapt to various environments. This review considers the incidence, factors which predispose to, and clinical features of, E. meningoseptica sepsis, along with antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of clinical E. meningoseptica isolates and reportedly successful measures for the prevention and control of infections caused by this bacterium. The English-language literature from the PubMed database was reviewed. The incidence of E. meningoseptica bacteraemia has increased over the last decade. Patients at high risk of E. meningoseptica infection include preterm children, the immunocompromised and those exposed to antibiotics in critical care units. Vancomycin, rifampicin, newer fluoroquinolones, piperacillin-tazobactam, minocycline and possibly tigecycline are preferred empirical choices for E. meningoseptica infection according to in-vitro susceptibility data. Combination therapy has been used for infections not responding to single agents. Saline, lipid, and chlorhexidine gluconate solutions as well as contaminated sinks have been implicated as sources of infection following outbreak investigations. In addition to reinforcement of standard infection control measures, actions that have successfully terminated E. meningoseptica outbreaks include pre-emptive contact isolation, systematic investigations to identify the source of the bacterium and thorough cleaning of equipment and environmental surfaces. As the clinical complexity and incidence of E. meningoseptica infections increase, there is a need for heightened awareness of the potential for this bacterium to cause outbreaks. This will permit timely initiation of active surveillance for infected/colonized patients as well as investigations to identify the likely source of the bacterium, which will, in turn, allow implementation of appropriate infection control measures. Copyright © 2014 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Studies on a group of previously unclassified bacteria associated with meningitis in infants.

            E O KING (1959)
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              Clinical features, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and outcomes of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (Chryseobacterium meningosepticum) bacteremia at a medical center in Taiwan, 1999-2006.

              A total of 118 patients with Elizabethkingia meningoseptica bacteremia at a medical center in Taiwan from 1999 to 2006 were studied. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 99 preserved isolates were determined. The incidence (per 100,000 admissions) of E. meningoseptica bacteremia increased from 7.5 in 1996 to 35.6 in 2006 (p = 0.006). Among them, 84% presented with fever, 86% had nosocomial infections, and 60% had acquired the infection in intensive care units (ICUs). The most common underlying diseases were malignancy (36%) and diabetes mellitus (25%). Seventy-eight percent of patients had primary bacteremia, followed by pneumonia (9%), soft tissue infection, and catheter-related bacteremia (6%). Forty-five patients (38%) had polymicrobial bacteremia. Overall, the 14-day mortality was 23.4%. Multivariate analysis revealed E. meningoseptica bacteremia acquired in an ICU (p = 0.048, odds ratio [OR] 4.23) and presence of effective antibiotic treatment after the availability of culture results (p = 0.049, OR 0.31) were independent predictors of 14-day mortality. The 14-day mortality was higher among patients receiving carbapenems (p = 0.046) than fluoroquinolones or other antimicrobial agents. More than 80% of the isolates tested were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxzole, moxifloxacin, and levofloxacin. The MIC(50) and MIC(90) of the isolates to tigecycline and doxycycline were both 4 μg/mL and 8 μg/ml, respectively.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                aap
                Archivos argentinos de pediatría
                Arch. argent. pediatr.
                Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría (Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                0325-0075
                1668-3501
                April 2019
                : 117
                : 2
                : e150-e154
                Affiliations
                [03] Buenos Aires orgnameHospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan orgdiv1Servicio de Microbiología Argentina
                [01] Buenos Aires orgnameHospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan orgdiv1Servicio de Neumonología Argentina
                [02] Buenos Aires orgnameHospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan orgdiv1Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Argentina
                Article
                S0325-00752019000200020
                10.5546/aap.2019.e150
                30869495
                d06711f8-f5c2-465d-a3d0-98c1d87f72db

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 May 2018
                : 12 November 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Argentina

                Categories
                Presentación de casos clínicos (versión electrónica)

                Elizabethkingia meningoseptica,Chryseobacterium meningosepticum,Child,Bullous pneumonia,Pediatrics,Niño,Neumonía bullosa,Pediatría

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