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      Cryptosporidium hominis Infection Diagnosed by Real-Time PCR-RFLP

      brief-report

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          Abstract

          There are approximately 20 known species of the genus Cryptosporidium, and among these, 8 infect immunocompetent or immunocompromised humans. C. hominis and C. parvum most commonly infect humans. Differentiating between them is important for evaluating potential sources of infection. We report here the development of a simple and accurate real-time PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method to distinguish between C. parvum and C. hominis. Using the CP2 gene as the target, we found that both Cryptosporidium species yielded 224 bp products. In the subsequent RFLP method using TaqI, 2 bands (99 and 125 bp) specific to C. hominis were detected. Using this method, we detected C. hominis infection in 1 of 21 patients with diarrhea, suggesting that this method could facilitate the detection of C. hominis infections.

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          Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis in man and animals.

          Peter J. O'Donoghue (1995)
          Article 0 comments Cited 106 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Unravelling Cryptosporidium and Giardia epidemiology.

            Jim McLauchlin, V. Smith, Simone M. Cacciò … (2005)
            Molecular biology has provided insights into the taxonomy and epidemiology of Cryptosporidium and Giardia, which are major causes of protozoal diarrhoea in humans worldwide. For both genera, previously unrecognized differences in disease, symptomatology, zoonotic potential, risk factors and environmental contamination have been identified using molecular tools that are appropriate for species, genotype and subtype analysis. In this article, to improve understanding of the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis, we consider specific requirements for the development of more-effective molecular identification and genotyping systems that should be applicable to both clinical and environmental samples.
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              Cryptosporidium taxonomy: recent advances and implications for public health.

              Lihua Xiao, Daniel Upton, Ronald Fayer … (2003)
              There has been an explosion of descriptions of new species of Cryptosporidium during the last two decades. This has been accompanied by confusion regarding the criteria for species designation, largely because of the lack of distinct morphologic differences and strict host specificity among Cryptosporidium spp. A review of the biologic species concept, the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), and current practices for Cryptosporidium species designation calls for the establishment of guidelines for naming Cryptosporidium species. All reports of new Cryptosporidium species should include at least four basic components: oocyst morphology, natural host specificity, genetic characterizations, and compliance with the ICZN. Altogether, 13 Cryptosporidium spp. are currently recognized: C. muris, C. andersoni, C. parvum, C. hominis, C. wrairi, C. felis, and C. cannis in mammals; C. baïleyi, C. meleagridis, and C. galli in birds; C. serpentis and C. saurophilum in reptiles; and C. molnari in fish. With the establishment of a framework for naming Cryptosporidium species and the availability of new taxonomic tools, there should be less confusion associated with the taxonomy of the genus Cryptosporidium. The clarification of Cryptosporidium taxonomy is also useful for understanding the biology of Cryptosporidium spp., assessing the public health significance of Cryptosporidium spp. in animals and the environment, characterizing transmission dynamics, and tracking infection and contamination sources.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Korean J Parasitol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Korean J. Parasitol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): KJP
                Title: The Korean Journal of Parasitology
                Publisher: The Korean Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine
                ISSN (Print): 0023-4001
                ISSN (Electronic): 1738-0006
                Publication date (Print): June 2013
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 June 2013
                Volume: 51
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 353-355
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Malaria and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, Korea.
                [2 ]Division of Epidemic Intelligence Service, Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, Korea.
                [3 ]Department of Environmental and Tropical Medicine, Konkuk University, School of Medicine, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
                [4 ]Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea.
                Author notes
                Corresponding author ( maria205@ 123456kku.ac.kr )
                Article
                DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.353
                PMC ID: 3712111
                PubMed ID: 23864748
                SO-VID: d0a53aad-6d09-4b5d-acec-e2bd83b4aed2
                Copyright © © 2013, Korean Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 19 February 2013
                Date revision received : 22 April 2013
                Date accepted : 23 April 2013
                Categories
                Subject: Brief Communication

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology
                Keywords: cryptosporidium parvum,cryptosporidium hominis,real-time pcr,rflp,taqi
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology
                Keywords: cryptosporidium parvum, cryptosporidium hominis, real-time pcr, rflp, taqi

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