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      Spanish validation of the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction in the upper grades of primary education (QTI-P) and how this interaction influences academic performance Translated title: Validación en español del Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction en los cursos superiores de educación primaria (QTI-P) y cómo esta interacción influye en el rendimiento académico

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          Abstract

          Abstract The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI, Wubbels et al., 1985) is based on the Model for Interpersonal Teacher Behaviour (MITB) and measures teacher-student interactions as perceived by students. Goh and Fraser (1998) adapted the QTI for use in the upper grades of primary education (QTI-P). The objectives of this work are (a) to validate the Spanish version of the QTI-P, and (b) to analyse the influence of these interactions on students' academic performance. The QTI-P was administered to 397 fourth and sixth grade students at four incidentally selected public schools. The eight scales of the QTI-P are arranged in a circular structure around two independent axes or dimensions: Control and Affiliation. End-of-year grades in four subjects were used as a measure of academic performance. Multilevel structural equation models were used to assess the objectives. We found suitable reliability and intraclass correlation of scales and dimensions. The factorial, circular and multilevel structure proposed by the MITB was validated. The effect of the classroom social environment on each child's score in each QTI-P scale and on their school grades was also verified. The QTI-P is a valid instrument to measure the social environment of the classroom and to predict the academic performance of each child.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI, Wubbels et al., 1985) se basa en el Modelo Interpersonal de la Conducta del Profesor (MITB, en inglés) y mide las interacciones del maestro con el alumnado percibidas por éstos. Goh y Fraser (1998) adaptaron el QTI para su uso en los cursos superiores de la educación primaria (QTI-P). Los objetivos del estudio son (a) validar al castellano el QTI-P y (b) analizar la influencia de estas interacciones en el rendimiento académico del alumno. Se administró el QTI-P a 397 alumnos de 4º y 6º curso de cuatro colegios públicos seleccionados de forma incidental. Las 8 escalas del QTI-P se ordenan de forma circular alrededor de dos ejes o dimensiones independientes: Control y Affiliation. Como medida de rendimiento académico se usaron las calificaciones de final de curso en cuatro asignaturas. Para comprobar los objetivos se emplearon modelos de ecuaciones estructurales multinivel. La fiabilidad y la correlación intraclase de escalas y dimensiones son buenas. Se confirma la estructura factorial, circular y multinivel propuesta por el MITB. También se comprueba el efecto del ambiente social del aula tanto en la puntuación de cada niño en cada escala del QTI-P como en sus calificaciones escolares. El QTI-P es un instrumento adecuado para medir el ambiente social del aula y para pronosticar el rendimiento académico de cada niño.

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          Most cited references35

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          Understanding the limitations of global fit assessment in structural equation modeling

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            The Influence of Affective Teacher-Student Relationships on Students' School Engagement and Achievement: A Meta-Analytic Approach

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              The multilevel latent covariate model: a new, more reliable approach to group-level effects in contextual studies.

              In multilevel modeling (MLM), group-level (L2) characteristics are often measured by aggregating individual-level (L1) characteristics within each group so as to assess contextual effects (e.g., group-average effects of socioeconomic status, achievement, climate). Most previous applications have used a multilevel manifest covariate (MMC) approach, in which the observed (manifest) group mean is assumed to be perfectly reliable. This article demonstrates mathematically and with simulation results that this MMC approach can result in substantially biased estimates of contextual effects and can substantially underestimate the associated standard errors, depending on the number of L1 individuals per group, the number of groups, the intraclass correlation, the sampling ratio (the percentage of cases within each group sampled), and the nature of the data. To address this pervasive problem, the authors introduce a new multilevel latent covariate (MLC) approach that corrects for unreliability at L2 and results in unbiased estimates of L2 constructs under appropriate conditions. However, under some circumstances when the sampling ratio approaches 100%, the MMC approach provides more accurate estimates. Based on 3 simulations and 2 real-data applications, the authors evaluate the MMC and MLC approaches and suggest when researchers should most appropriately use one, the other, or a combination of both approaches. Copyright (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ap
                Anales de Psicología
                Anal. Psicol.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                0212-9728
                1695-2294
                April 2021
                : 37
                : 1
                : 101-113
                Affiliations
                [2] orgname Spain
                [1] Castellón Valencia orgnameUniversitat Jaume I Spain
                Article
                S0212-97282021000100012 S0212-9728(21)03700100012
                10.6018/analesps.37.1.415111
                d0a9bdf4-0f1c-42cf-a24f-2996f690bbcd

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 February 2020
                : 28 August 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Developmental and Educational Psychology

                Academic performance,Relaciones interpersonales maestro-alumnado,Ambiente social del aula,Cursos superiores de educación primaria,Rendimiento académico,Teacher-student interpersonal relationships,Classroom social environment,Upper primary education

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