Basic Life Support (BLS) Knowledge Among General Population; a Multinational Study in Nine Arab Countries

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Abstract

Introduction:

Basic Life Support (BLS) is a medical treatment used in life-threatening emergencies until the sufferer can be properly cared for by a team of paramedics or in a hospital. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge regarding BLS and the contributing factors among the Arab non-medical population.

Methods:

An online survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted among non-medical populations in nine Arab countries between April 13, 2022, and June 30, 2022. The utilized questionnaire consisted of two parts: part one included socio-demographic characteristics and part two measured knowledge of BLS through an online survey.

Results:

The research included a total of 4465 participants. 2540 (56.89%) of the participants were knowledgeable about BLS. The mean basic life support knowledge scores of participants who received training were higher than those who had not (20.11 ± 4.20 vs. 16.96 ± 5.27; p< 0.01). According to the nations, Yemen scored the highest, while Morocco had the lowest levels of BLS knowledge (19.86 ± 4.71 vs. 14.15 ± 5.10, respectively; p< 0.01). Additionally, individuals who resided in urban areas scored on average higher than those who did in rural areas (17.86 ± 5.19 vs. 17.13 ± 5.24, p= 0.032) in understanding basic life support. Age, information sources, and previous training with theoretical and practical classes were significant predictors of BLS knowledge.

Conclusion:

The level of BLS knowledge among non-medical people in Arab nations is moderate but insufficient to handle the urgent crises that we face everywhere. In addition to physicians being required to learn the BLS principles, non-medical people should also be knowledgeable of the necessary actions to take in emergency events.

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Most cited references 27

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Predictors of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Comilla Sasson, Mary Rogers, Jason F. Dahl … (2010)

Prior studies have identified key predictors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), but differences exist in the magnitude of these findings. In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the strength of associations between OHCA and key factors (event witnessed by a bystander or emergency medical services [EMS], provision of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR], initial cardiac rhythm, or the return of spontaneous circulation). We also examined trends in OHCA survival over time. An electronic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane DSR, DARE, ACP Journal Club, and CCTR was conducted (January 1, 1950 to August 21, 2008) for studies reporting OHCA of presumed cardiac etiology in adults. Data were extracted from 79 studies involving 142 740 patients. The pooled survival rate to hospital admission was 23.8% (95% CI, 21.1 to 26.6) and to hospital discharge was 7.6% (95% CI, 6.7 to 8.4). Stratified by baseline rates, survival to hospital discharge was more likely among those: witnessed by a bystander (6.4% to 13.5%), witnessed by EMS (4.9% to 18.2%), who received bystander CPR (3.9% to 16.1%), were found in ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia (14.8% to 23.0%), or achieved return of spontaneous circulation (15.5% to 33.6%). Although 53% (95% CI, 45.0% to 59.9%) of events were witnessed by a bystander, only 32% (95% CI, 26.7% to 37.8%) received bystander CPR. The number needed to treat to save 1 life ranged from 16 to 23 for EMS-witnessed arrests, 17 to 71 for bystander-witnessed, and 24 to 36 for those receiving bystander CPR, depending on baseline survival rates. The aggregate survival rate of OHCA (7.6%) has not significantly changed in almost 3 decades. Overall survival from OHCA has been stable for almost 30 years, as have the strong associations between key predictors and survival. Because most OHCA events are witnessed, efforts to improve survival should focus on prompt delivery of interventions of known effectiveness by those who witness the event.

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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2011 Update

Véronique L Roger, Alan S Go, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones … (2011)

Circulation, 123(4)

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Chest compression-only CPR by lay rescuers and survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Bentley J. Bobrow, Daniel W. Spaite, Robert A Berg … (2010)

Chest compression-only bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may be as effective as conventional CPR with rescue breathing for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. To investigate the survival of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using compression-only CPR (COCPR) compared with conventional CPR. A 5-year prospective observational cohort study of survival in patients at least 18 years old with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2009, in Arizona. The relationship between layperson bystander CPR and survival to hospital discharge was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Survival to hospital discharge. Among 5272 adults with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of cardiac etiology not observed by responding emergency medical personnel, 779 were excluded because bystander CPR was provided by a health care professional or the arrest occurred in a medical facility. A total of 4415 met all inclusion criteria for analysis, including 2900 who received no bystander CPR, 666 who received conventional CPR, and 849 who received COCPR. Rates of survival to hospital discharge were 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.4%-6.0%) for the no bystander CPR group, 7.8% (95% CI, 5.8%-9.8%) for conventional CPR, and 13.3% (95% CI, 11.0%-15.6%) for COCPR. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for survival for conventional CPR vs no CPR was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.69-1.43), for COCPR vs no CPR, 1.59 (95% CI, 1.18-2.13), and for COCPR vs conventional CPR, 1.60 (95% CI, 1.08-2.35). From 2005 to 2009, lay rescuer CPR increased from 28.2% (95% CI, 24.6%-31.8%) to 39.9% (95% CI, 36.8%-42.9%; P < .001); the proportion of CPR that was COCPR increased from 19.6% (95% CI, 13.6%-25.7%) to 75.9% (95% CI, 71.7%-80.1%; P < .001). Overall survival increased from 3.7% (95% CI, 2.2%-5.2%) to 9.8% (95% CI, 8.0%-11.6%; P < .001). Among patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, layperson compression-only CPR was associated with increased survival compared with conventional CPR and no bystander CPR in this setting with public endorsement of chest compression-only CPR.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Arch Acad Emerg Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Arch Acad Emerg Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): AAEM

Title: Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine

Publisher: Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (Tehran, Iran )

ISSN (Electronic): 2645-4904

Publication date Collection: 2023

Publication date (Electronic): 11 July 2023

Volume: 11

Issue: 1

Electronic Location Identifier: e47

Affiliations

[1 ]Alexandria University, Alexandria Faculty ofMedicine, Alexandria, Egypt.

[2 ]Al-Azhar University, Al-Azhar Faculty ofMedicine, Cairo, Egypt.

[3 ]Helwan University, Faculty ofMedicine, Cairo, Egypt.

[4 ]Faculty ofMedicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

[5 ]An Najah National University, Faculty ofMedicine, Nablus, Palestine.

[6 ]Institute ofMedical Sciences & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India.

[7 ]The Pavlov First StateMedical University of St. Petersburg, Faculty ofMedicine, St. Petersburg, Russia.

[8 ]Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar Lal NehruMemorial Hospital, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India.

[9 ]Medical Research Group of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.

[10 ]Department of Health Services, Srinagar, 190001 India.

[11 ]Sharda University, Greater Noida, India (SSh).

[12 ]Psychosis Research Centre, University of SocialWelfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Author notes

[* ]Corresponding author: Rehab Diab; Al-Azhar University, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt. Postal code: 44718. Tel: +20 127 245 1274, Email: radledeab@gmail.com; rehab_diab97research@outlook.com, ORCID: 0000-0002-6552-4900

Article

DOI: 10.22037/aaem.v11i1.1975

PMC ID: 10440750

PubMed ID: 37609539

SO-VID: d0ccef5f-0098-472d-9798-df4628be7132

License:

This open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 3.0 License (CC BY-NC 3.0). ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/)

Basic Life Support (BLS) Knowledge Among General Population; a Multinational Study in Nine Arab Countries

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Introduction:

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UCL: UN SDG 13 Climate Action

Most cited references 27

Predictors of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2011 Update

Chest compression-only CPR by lay rescuers and survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

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