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      Phylogenetic analysis of the Australian trans-Bass Strait millipede genus Pogonosternum (Carl, 1912) (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) indicates multiple glacial refugia in southeastern Australia

      research-article
      1
      ZooKeys
      Pensoft Publishers
      Invertebrate, COI, 16S, 28S, genetic variability

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          This study documents the first detailed phylogenetic analysis of an Australian paradoxosomatid millipede genus. Two mitochondrial genes (partial COI and 16S) as well as partial nuclear 28S rDNA were amplified and sequenced for 41 individuals of the southeastern Australian genus Pogonosternum Jeekel, 1965. The analysis indicates that five species groups of Pogonosternum occur across New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania: Pogonosternum nigrovirgatum (Carl, 1912), Pogonosternum adrianae Jeekel, 1982, Pogonosternum laetificum Jeekel, 1982 and two undescribed species. Pogonosternum coniferum (Jeekel, 1965) specimens cluster within Pogonosternum nigrovirgatum . Most of these five species groups exhibit a pattern of high intraspecific genetic variability and highly localized haplotypes, suggesting that they were confined to multiple Pleistocene refugia on the southeastern Australian mainland. The phylogenetic data also show that northwestern Tasmania was colonized by Pogonosternum nigrovirgatum , probably from central Victoria, and northeastern Tasmania by an as yet undescribed species from eastern Victoria.

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          Most cited references24

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          Multiple sequence alignment with the Clustal series of programs.

          R Chenna (2003)
          The Clustal series of programs are widely used in molecular biology for the multiple alignment of both nucleic acid and protein sequences and for preparing phylogenetic trees. The popularity of the programs depends on a number of factors, including not only the accuracy of the results, but also the robustness, portability and user-friendliness of the programs. New features include NEXUS and FASTA format output, printing range numbers and faster tree calculation. Although, Clustal was originally developed to run on a local computer, numerous Web servers have been set up, notably at the EBI (European Bioinformatics Institute) (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/clustalw/).
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            TESTING SIGNIFICANCE OF INCONGRUENCE

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              Evidence for multiple refugia at different time scales during Pleistocene climatic oscillations in southern Australia inferred from phylogeography

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Zookeys
                Zookeys
                ZooKeys
                ZooKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1313-2989
                1313-2970
                2016
                7 April 2016
                : 578
                : 15-31
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Am Museum 1, 02826 Görlitz, Germany
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Peter Decker ( peter.decker@ 123456senckenberg.de )

                Academic editor: R. Mesibov

                Article
                10.3897/zookeys.578.8052
                4829959
                27110194
                d0dc4af0-5d34-4d9e-bf0e-14246350887d
                Peter Decker

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 5 February 2016
                : 10 March 2016
                Categories
                Research Article

                Animal science & Zoology
                invertebrate,coi,16s,28s,genetic variability
                Animal science & Zoology
                invertebrate, coi, 16s, 28s, genetic variability

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