Mortalidade por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no Brasil e suas regiões, 2000 a 2011

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Abstract

OBJETIVO: descrever a mortalidade por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) no período 2000-2011 e as projeções do Plano de Enfrentamento das DCNT no Brasil para 2011-2022. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo das taxas de mortalidade por doenças do aparelho circulatório, câncer, diabetes e doenças respiratórias crônicas, com correções para causas mal definidas e sub-registro de óbitos informados. RESULTADOS: houve um declínio médio de 2,5% ao ano no conjunto das quatro principais DCNT no Brasil; houve declínio em todas as regiões; ocorreram quedas importantes, de 3,3% para doenças cardiovasculares e de 4,4% para doenças respiratórias crônicas, com menores declínios para o câncer, de 0,9%, e para o diabetes, de 1,7%. CONCLUSÕES: a redução de 2% ao ano, já no primeiro ano do monitoramento, é positiva; espera-se, com a implementação das ações previstas no Plano de Enfrentamento das DCNT, e mantida queda como a observada na última década, que o Brasil cumpra a meta proposta.

Translated abstract

OBJECTIVE: to analyze non-communicable disease (NCDs) mortality trends from 2000 to 2011 and to provide mortality projections for use in evaluating Brazil's Plan to Confront Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, 2011-2022. METHODS: analysis over time of mortality due to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, with corrections for ill-defined causes and underreporting. RESULTS: the mortality rate attributed to these 4 main NCDs declined 2.5%/year on average, with reductions occurring in all the country's regions. Decreases were relatively large for cardiovascular diseases (3.3%/year) and for chronic respiratory diseases (4.4%/year), although smaller for cancer (0.9%/year) and diabetes (1.7%/year). CONCLUSIONS: the 2% decrease during the first year of monitoring is positive. The expectation is that when the national Plan actions are implemented, a similar decrease will be maintained, thus enabling the Plan's proposed goal to be achieved.

Translated abstract

OBJETIVO: describir la mortalidad por enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) en el período 2000-2011 y las proyecciones del Plan de Enfrentamiento de ECNT en Brasil para 2011-2022. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo de las tasas de mortalidad por enfermedades del aparato circulatorio, cáncer, diabetes y respiratoria crónica, con correcciones para causas mal definidas y subregistro de óbitos informados. RESULTADOS: hubo una disminución promedio de 2,5% al año en el conjunto de las cuatro principales ECNT en Brasil; hubo disminución en todas las regiones; hubo bajas importantes, de 3,3% para enfermedades cardiovasculares y de 4,4% para enfermedades respiratorias crónicas, con menores disminuciones para el cáncer, de 0,9%, y para la diabetes, de 1,7%. CONCLUSIONES: la reducción de 2% al año, ya en el primer año de monitoreo, es positiva; se espera, que con la implementación de las acciones previstas en el Plan de Enfrentamiento de las ECNT, y manteniéndose la reducción como la observada en la última década, que Brasil cumpla con la meta propuesta.

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Monitoring and surveillance of chronic non-communicable diseases: progress and capacity in high-burden countries.

Ala Alwan, David MacLean, Leanne Riley … (2010)

The burden of chronic, non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries is increasing. We outline a framework for monitoring of such diseases and review the mortality burden and the capacity of countries to respond to them. We show data from WHO data sources and published work for prevalence of tobacco use, overweight, and cause-specific mortality in 23 low-income and middle-income countries with a high burden of non-communicable disease. Data for national capacity for chronic disease prevention and control were generated from a global assessment that was done in WHO member states in 2009-10. Although reliable data for cause-specific mortality are scarce, non-communicable diseases were estimated to be responsible for 23·4 million (or 64% of the total) deaths in the 23 countries that we analysed, with 47% occurring in people who were younger than 70 years. Tobacco use and overweight are common in most of the countries and populations we examined, but coverage of cost-effective interventions to reduce these risk factors is low. Capacity for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases, including monitoring and surveillance operations nationally, is inadequate. A surveillance framework, including a minimum set of indicators covering exposures and outcomes, is essential for policy development and assessment and for monitoring of trends in disease. Technical, human, and fiscal resource constraints are major impediments to the establishment of effective prevention and control programmes. Despite increasing awareness and commitment to address chronic disease, concrete actions by global partners to plan and implement cost-effective interventions are inadequate. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.