Epidemiology study of HBV and HCV among high-risk population of HIV in Pudong New Area, Shanghai

Abstract

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and co-infection among the HIV high-risk population in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, analyze the risk factors, and establish more targeted prevention and control strategies for HBV and HCV.

Methods A serosurvey was comducted by cluster sampling and sequential sampling methods among the HIV high-risk population in Pudong New Area, 2019-2020, by questionnaires and laboratory tests. The rates of HBV and HCV in different populations were compared. The Logistic regression analysis model was used to analyze the risk factors of HBV or HCV.

Results A total of 5 784 cases were investigated. HIV infection rate was 2.46%, HBV infection rate was 7.16%, HCV infection rate was 2.52%, HBV-HCV co-infection rate was 0.14%, HIV-HBV coinfection rate was 0.21%, and HIV-HCV co-infection rate was 0.03%. There was no triple infection. Age over 45 years old, male, high school and above education level, family history of hepatitis, history of surgery, dental medical history, intravenous drug use, acupuncture history, traumatic beauty, shaving and unsafe sex were the risk factors for HBV infection. Age over 35 years old, resident, divorced or widowed, blood transfusion or blood products, and intravenous drug use were the risk factors for HCV infection. Married was the protective factor for HCV infection.

Conclusions The rates of HBV and HCV were higher in the HIV high-risk population than that in the general population. Therefore, the screening of HBV/HCV should be strengthened. To prevent the spread of HBV and HCV, more precautions should be taken such as inoculating hepatitis B vaccine, drug control, providing clean needles and promoting condom use.

Abstract

摘要： 目的了解上海市浦东新区HIV髙危人群的乙肝病毒(HBV)、丙肝病毒(HCV)感染状况, 分析危险因素, 建 立更有针对性的HBV、HCV防制策略。 方法 采用整群抽样和连续抽样等方法抽取2019—2020年浦东新区HIV髙危 人群, 开展问卷调査、实验室检测, 描述并比较HBV、HCV感染率的异同, 采用Logistic回归分析HBV、HCV感染的危险 因素。 结果 共调査5 784人, HIV感染率为2.46%, HBV感染率为7.16%, HCV感染率为2.52%, HBV-HCV合并感染率 为0.14%, HIV-HBV合并感染率为0.21%, HIV-HCV合并感染率为0.03%, 无HIV、HBV、HCV合并感染者。HBV感染 的危险因素为年龄45岁以上、男性、髙中以上文化程度、肝炎家族史、手术治疗史、牙科诊疗史、静脉注射吸毒、针灸史、创伤性美容、修面或修足、不安全性行为。HCV感染的危险因素为年龄35岁以上、本市户籍、婚姻状况离异或丧偶、输 血或血制品、静脉注射吸毒, 婚姻状况已婚为保护因素。 结论 浦东新区HIV髙危人群HBV、HCV感染率髙于一般人 群, 建议加强HIV髙危人群的HBV、HCV筛査工作, 通过接种乙肝疫苗、禁毒、提供清洁针具、宣传安全套使用等多种措 施阻断血液和性传播。