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Abstract

The presence of obesity increases the risk of thrombotic vascular diseases. The role of fat accumulation and its effect on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels was investigated in humans and animals. Plasma PAI-1 levels were closely correlated with visceral fat area but not with subcutaneous fat area in human subjects. PAI-1 mRNA was detected in both types of fat tissue in obese rats but increased only in visceral fat during the development of obesity. These data suggest that an enhanced expression of the PAI-1 gene in visceral fat may increase plasma levels and may have a role in the development of vascular disease in visceral obesity.

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Contribution of intra-abdominal fat accumulation to the impairment of glucose and lipid metabolism in human obesity

Shigenori Fujioka, Seiichiro Tarui, Yuji Matsuzawa … (1987)

The casual relationship between intraabdominal visceral fat accumulation and metabolic disorders was analyzed in 46 obese subjects (15 males, 31 females) having 34.1 +/- 5.5 of body mass index (BMI). The distribution of fat was determined by our CT scanning technique (Int J Obesity 7:437, 1983). The total cross-cut area, subcutaneous fat area, and intra-abdominal fat area was measured at the umbilical level. The fasting plasma glucose level, area under the plasma glucose concentration curve after oral glucose loading (plasma glucose area), fasting serum triglyceride level, and serum total cholesterol level were all significantly higher or otherwise greater in the group with intraabdominal visceral fat to subcutaneous fat ratio (V/S ratio) of not less than 0.4 than in the group with a lower V/S ratio, when either all or sex-matched obese subjects were examined, though BMI or the duration of obesity was not different between the two groups. The V/S ratio was significantly correlated with the level of plasma glucose area (r = 0.45, P less than .001) under the curve of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test and also with the serum triglyceride (r = 0.65, P less than .001) and total cholesterol levels (r = 0.61, P less than .001). These relationships were also observed when examined in each sex separately and found to be significant after adjustment for BMI and age by multiple regression analyses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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"Portal" adipose tissue as a generator of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes

P Björntorp (1990)

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Increased plasma levels of a rapid inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator in young survivors of myocardial infarction.

B Wiman, U. De Sanctis, A Hamsten … (1985)

Certain risk factors for myocardial infarction have been linked with disturbances in fibrinolytic activity. The recent development in our laboratory of new sensitive and specific methods for determination of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity and antigen, as well as the discovery of a new rapid inhibitor of this enzyme, enabled us to study fibrinolytic function in detail in a representative population of postinfarction patients. Seventy-one patients (62 men and 9 women) who had survived a myocardial infarction before the age of 45 were compared with 50 healthy subjects of similar age, three years after the infarction. Low t-PA activity after venous occlusion, mostly explained by high plasma levels of the t-PA inhibitor and to some extent by impaired release of t-PA from the vessel wall, was a frequent finding in the patients. The level of t-PA inhibitor was positively and significantly correlated with levels of serum triglycerides. Our data suggest that reduced fibrinolytic capacity due to increased plasma levels of a rapid inhibitor of t-PA may have pathogenetic importance in myocardial infarction, particularly in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

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PubMed ID:: 8673927

DOI:: 10.1038/nm0796-800

ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry

Keywords: 3T3 Cells,Adipose Tissue,metabolism,Animals,Female,Humans,Male,Mice,Obesity,complications,Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1,blood,genetics,RNA, Messenger,Rats,Rats, Sprague-Dawley,Vascular Diseases,etiology,Viscera

Enhanced expression of PAI-1 in visceral fat: possible contributor to vascular disease in obesity.

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Most cited references 7

Contribution of intra-abdominal fat accumulation to the impairment of glucose and lipid metabolism in human obesity

"Portal" adipose tissue as a generator of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes

Increased plasma levels of a rapid inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator in young survivors of myocardial infarction.

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