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      Ácidos graxos e colesterol da carne de cordeiros confinados recebendo dietas contendo fontes lipídicas e submetidos à restrição e realimentação Translated title: Fatty acids and cholesterol of meat from lambs fed diets containing lipid sources and subjected to restriction and refeeding

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          Abstract

          <p>Foram avaliados os efeitos da inclusão de grãos de girassol ou gordura protegida na dieta e da restrição e realimentação sobre a área de olho de lombo, espessura de gordura subcutânea, a composição centesimal, o teor de colesterol e a composição em ácidos graxos da gordura intramuscular do Longissimus lumborum de cordeiros, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (3 dietas x 2 manejos de alimentação). O colesterol da gordura intramuscular de cordeiros alimentados com a dieta contendo gordura protegida (28,5mg 100 g<sup>-1)</sup> foi menor (P<0,05) que o do controle (36,8mg 100g<sup>-1)</sup> e grãos de girassol (38,1mg 100g<sup>-1)</sup>. O manejo de restrição alimentar e realimentação não modificaram (P>0,05) o perfil dos ácidos graxos, porém foi detectado que a dieta contendo grãos de girassol elevou (P<0,05) a razão polinsaturado/saturado, provavelmente pela superioridade (P<0,05) de 20% na proporção de polinsaturados, reflexo direto do aumento na concentração do ácido linoleico. A inclusão de fontes lipídicas na dieta de ovinos é ferramenta que contribui para melhorar a qualidade da gordura intramuscular de cordeiros confinados, considerando que a gordura protegida reduz o teor de colesterol e que os grãos de girassol aumentam a concentração de ácidos graxos polinsaturados. O manejo de alimentação com período de restrição e realimentação não altera a composição centesimal e a qualidade da gordura intramuscular.</p>

          Translated abstract

          <p>It was evaluated the effects of sunflower grains inclusion or protected fat in the diet and compensatory growth on the loin eye area, subcutaneous fat thickness, chemical composition, cholesterol concentration and fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat of Longissimus lumborum of lambs distributed in a completely randomized design in factorial scheme (3 diets x 2 feeding management). Intramuscular cholesterol from lambs fed with diet containing protected fat (28.5mg 100g<sup>-1)</sup> was lower (P<0.05) than that of the control (36.8mg 100g<sup>-1)</sup> and sunflower grains (38.1mg 100g<sup>-1)</sup>. The restriction and refeeding didn't cause change (P>0.05) in the fatty acids profile, but diet containing sunflower grains increased polyunsaturated/saturated ratio due to(P<0.05) the superiority of 20% in the proportion of polyunsaturated, reflecting directly the increase in linoleic acid. Inclusion of lipid sources in the diet of feedlot sheep is a tool that helps to improve the quality of intramuscular fat of lambs, whereas the protected fat reduces cholesterol and sunflower grains elevates the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Feeding restriction and refeeding period does not alter the chemical composition and quality of intramuscular fat.</p>

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          Most cited references23

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          Effects of feeding flaxseed or sunflower-seed in high-forage diets on beef production, quality and fatty acid composition.

          Yearling steers were fed 70:30 forage:concentrate diets for 205 d, with either grass hay (GH) or red clover silage (RC) as the forage source, and concentrates containing either sunflower-seed (SS) or flaxseed (FS), each providing 5.4% oil to diets. Feeding diets containing SS versus FS significantly improved growth and carcass attributes (P<0.05), significantly reduced meat off-flavor intensity (P<0.05), and significantly increased intramuscular proportions of vaccenic (t11-18:1), rumenic (c9,t11-CLA) and n-6 fatty acids (FA, P<0.05). Feeding diets containing FS versus SS produced significantly darker and redder meat with greater proportions of atypical dienes (P<0.05). A significant forage × oilseed type interaction (P<0.05) was found for n-3 FA, α-linolenic acid, and conjugated linolenic acid, with their greatest intramuscular proportions found when feeding the RC-FS diet. Feeding GH versus RC also significantly improved growth and carcass attributes, sensory tenderness (P<0.05) and significantly influenced intramuscular FA composition (P<0.05), but overall, forage effects on FA profiles were limited compared to effects of oilseed. Crown Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Effect of lipid supplementation on growth performance, carcass and meat quality and fatty acid composition of intramuscular lipids of lambs fed dehydrated lucerne or concentrate

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              Effect of level of linseed on fatty acid composition of muscles and adipose tissues of lambs with emphasis on trans fatty acids.

              The effects of linseed content in concentrates on the fatty acid (FA) composition of adipose tissues and muscles of lambs were studied in a 2×4 design: males (M) vs. females (F) and linseed content (0%, L0, 3%, L3, 6%, L6, 9%, L9). FA proportions were determined both on a DB-wax and on a CP-Sil column in perirenal (PR), dorsal subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue and in longissusmus dorsi muscle (IM). No effects of linseed contents in the diet on growth performances either in male or female lambs were observed. Linseed supplementation tended to decrease the fatness score. The proportion of linolenic acid increased linearly with the linseed content in the diet, from: 0.6, 0.5, and 0.5% for L0 to 1.9, 1.6, and 1.3% for L9, in PR, SC and IM, respectively. The increase in n-3 PUFA and in total PUFA was similar to that of linolenic acid. The n-6:n-3 ratio decreased from 5.7, 5.3 and 5.8 for L0 to 1.8, 1.7 and 2.7 for L9, in PR, SC and IM, respectively. There was no change in the proportion of docosahexaenoic acid with linseed supplementation. The proportions of C18:1trans-10 and C18:1trans-11 did not vary in PR, SC and IM with linseed supplementation. The total proportion of trans-octadecenoic acid was high in each tissue type and group of lambs. C18:1trans-10 represented about half of the total trans-octadecenoic isomers. With an increase in linolenic acid, most cis- and trans-octadecenoic isomers also increased, but trans-10 and trans-11 isomers did not and cis-9 and cis-11 isomers decreased. With linseed supplementation there was a decrease in the Δ9 desaturase indices in SC.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cr
                Ciência Rural
                Cienc. Rural
                Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Santa Maria )
                1678-4596
                September 2015
                : 45
                : 9
                : 1674-1680
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Centro Estadual de Educação Tecnológica Paula Souza Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                Article
                S0103-84782015000901674
                10.1590/0103-8478cr20140293
                d1fe6c8c-9056-4135-b695-52aeb96227e4

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-8478&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRONOMY

                Horticulture
                chemical composition,conjugated linoleic acid,protected fat,fat thickness,sunflower grains,ácido linoleico conjugado,composição centesimal,espessura de gordura subcutânea,gordura protegida,grãos de girassol

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