48
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Técnicas de Muestreo sobre una Población a Estudio Translated title: Sampling Techniques on a Population Study

      case-report

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          La representatividad de una muestra, permite extrapolar y por ende generalizar los resultados observados en ésta, a la población accesible; y a partir de ésta, a la población blanco. Por ende, una muestra será representativa o no; sólo si fue seleccionada al azar, es decir, que todos los sujetos de la población blanco tuvieron la misma posibilidad de ser seleccionados en esta muestra y por ende ser incluidos en el estudio; y por otro lado, que el número de sujetos seleccionados representen numéricamente a la población que le dio origen respecto de la distribución de la variable en estudio en la población, es decir, la estimación o cálculo del tamaño de la muestra. Es así como el análisis de una muestra permite realizar inferencias, extrapolar o generalizar conclusiones a la población blanco con un alto grado de certeza; de tal modo que una muestra se considera representativa de la población blanco, cuando la distribución y valor de las diversas variables se pueden reproducir con márgenes de error calculables. Entonces, el muestreo tiene por objetivo estudiar las relaciones existentes entre la distribución de una variable en la población blanco y las distribución de ésta variable en la muestra a estudio. Para ello, es fundamental, entre otras cosas definir los criterios de inclusión (características clínicas, demográficas, temporales y geográficas de los sujetos que componen la población en estudio) y de exclusión (características de los sujetos que pueden interferir con la calidad de los datos o la interpretación de los resultados. El objetivo de este manuscrito, es entregar conocimientos generales respecto de las técnicas de muestreo más utilizadas en investigación clínica.

          Translated abstract

          The representativeness of a sample allows extrapolating and therefore generalizes the results observed in this, the accessible population, and from this, to the target population. Thus, a sample will be representative or not, only if it was selected at random, i.e., that all the subjects of the target population had the same possibility of being selected in this sample and therefore be included in the study, and on the other hand, that the number of subjects selected numerically represent the population that gave rise to it with respect to the distribution of the variable under study in the population, that is, the estimation of the sample size. Consequently, the analysis of a sample allows us to make inferences or generalize conclusions to the target population with a high degree of certainty, such that a sample is considered representative of the target population, when the distribution and value of the different variables can be reproduced with calculable error margins. So, the aim of sampling is to study the relationships between the distribution of a variable in the target population and the distribution of the same variable in the study sample. For this purpose, it is essential, among other things, to define the inclusion criteria (clinical, demographic, temporal and geographical characteristics of the subjects that make up the study population) and the exclusion criteria (characteristics of the subjects that may interfere with the quality of the data Or the interpretation of results). The aim of this manuscript is to provide general knowledge regarding sampling techniques most commonly used in clinical research.

          Related collections

          Most cited references9

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Metodología de la Investigaciòn

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            An Epidemiological Study of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Related Risk Factors in Urban Population of Mashhad, Iran

            Background: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic and common disease, which is characterized by heartburn and regurgitation. In the last couple of decades, GERD has received much attention and studies have shown an increase in its prevalence. Although there have been a few studies on the prevalence of GERD in Iran, no study has yet been done in the northeastern part of the country. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of GERD and its risk factors in a population from Mashhad. Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiology of GERD based on a population study in Mashhad. Patients and Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted in 2010. In total, 2500 participants were selected based on cluster sampling. Modified and validated Mayo Clinic questionnaire for GERD was used for data collection. Overall, 1685 questionnaires were retrieved. Fifty-one participants were excluded because of pregnancies, history of abdominal surgery and being less than 18 years old. We analyzed data using the SPSS software version 16. Prevalence of GERD and significant risk factors (P value < 0.05) were determined. Results: In total, 420 participants (25.7%) had GERD symptoms. Risk factors with significant effects consisted of smoking, consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NASIDs), overeating, chronic diseases, tea and coffee consumption and GERD in spouse. Conclusions: The prevalence of GERD among people living in Mashhad was above the average prevalence in other cities of Iran. However, risk factors seemed to be similar to those reported by other studies.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Doubly-Robust Estimators of Treatment-Specific Survival Distributions in Observational Studies with Stratified Sampling

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ijmorphol
                International Journal of Morphology
                Int. J. Morphol.
                Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía (Temuco, , Chile )
                0717-9502
                March 2017
                : 35
                : 1
                : 227-232
                Affiliations
                [03] Temuco orgnameUniversidad de La Frontera orgdiv1Centro de Excelencia en Estudios Morfológicos y Quirúrgicos Chile
                [01] Arica orgnameUniversidad de Tarapacá Chile
                [02] Temuco orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Chile orgdiv1Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas Chile
                [04] Temuco orgnameUniversidad de La Frontera orgdiv1Departamento de Cirugía Chile
                Article
                S0717-95022017000100037
                10.4067/S0717-95022017000100037
                27315006
                d21a03a9-9557-4a8a-a2e5-4627517e1ae3

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 September 2016
                : 19 December 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 9, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Chile


                Muestreo,Técnicas de muestreo,Muestreo aleatorio,Muestreo sistemático,Muestreo estratificado,Muestreo por conglomerados,Inferencia,Sampling Studies,Study,Sampling,Probability Sample,Samples,Probability

                Comments

                Comment on this article