15
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Transglutaminase 2 Prevents Premature Senescence and Promotes Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells through NRF2 Activation

      research-article

      Read this article at

          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a multifunctional enzyme that exhibits transamidase, GTPase, kinase, and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) activities. Of these, transamidase-mediated modification of proteins regulates apoptosis, differentiation, inflammation, and fibrosis. TG2 is highly expressed in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) compared with differentiated cells, suggesting a role of TG2 specific for MSC characteristics. In this study, we report a new function of TG2 in the regulation of MSC redox homeostasis. During in vitro MSC expansion, TG2 is required for cell proliferation and self-renewal by preventing premature senescence but has no effect on the expression of surface antigens and oxidative stress-induced cell death. Moreover, induction of differentiation upregulates TG2 that promotes osteoblastic differentiation. Molecular analyses revealed that TG2 mediates tert-butylhydroquinone, but not sulforaphane, -induced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) activation in a transamidase activity-independent manner. Differences in the mechanism of action between two NRF2 activators suggest that PDI activity of TG2 may be implicated in the stabilization of NRF2. The role of TG2 in the regulation of antioxidant response was further supported by transcriptomic analysis of MSC. These results indicate that TG2 is a critical enzyme in eliciting antioxidant response in MSC through NRF2 activation, providing a target for optimizing MSC manufacturing processes to prevent premature senescence.

          Related collections

          Most cited references66

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method.

          The two most commonly used methods to analyze data from real-time, quantitative PCR experiments are absolute quantification and relative quantification. Absolute quantification determines the input copy number, usually by relating the PCR signal to a standard curve. Relative quantification relates the PCR signal of the target transcript in a treatment group to that of another sample such as an untreated control. The 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method is a convenient way to analyze the relative changes in gene expression from real-time quantitative PCR experiments. The purpose of this report is to present the derivation, assumptions, and applications of the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. In addition, we present the derivation and applications of two variations of the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method that may be useful in the analysis of real-time, quantitative PCR data. Copyright 2001 Elsevier Science (USA).
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found

            The Hallmarks of Aging

            Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leading to impaired function and increased vulnerability to death. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for major human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Aging research has experienced an unprecedented advance over recent years, particularly with the discovery that the rate of aging is controlled, at least to some extent, by genetic pathways and biochemical processes conserved in evolution. This Review enumerates nine tentative hallmarks that represent common denominators of aging in different organisms, with special emphasis on mammalian aging. These hallmarks are: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. A major challenge is to dissect the interconnectedness between the candidate hallmarks and their relative contributions to aging, with the final goal of identifying pharmaceutical targets to improve human health during aging, with minimal side effects. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement.

              The considerable therapeutic potential of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) has generated markedly increasing interest in a wide variety of biomedical disciplines. However, investigators report studies of MSC using different methods of isolation and expansion, and different approaches to characterizing the cells. Thus it is increasingly difficult to compare and contrast study outcomes, which hinders progress in the field. To begin to address this issue, the Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cell Committee of the International Society for Cellular Therapy proposes minimal criteria to define human MSC. First, MSC must be plastic-adherent when maintained in standard culture conditions. Second, MSC must express CD105, CD73 and CD90, and lack expression of CD45, CD34, CD14 or CD11b, CD79alpha or CD19 and HLA-DR surface molecules. Third, MSC must differentiate to osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondroblasts in vitro. While these criteria will probably require modification as new knowledge unfolds, we believe this minimal set of standard criteria will foster a more uniform characterization of MSC and facilitate the exchange of data among investigators.

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Stem Cells Int
                Stem Cells Int
                sci
                Stem Cells International
                Hindawi
                1687-966X
                1687-9678
                2023
                20 October 2023
                : 2023
                : 8815888
                Affiliations
                1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
                2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
                3Laboratory for Cellular Response to Oxidative Stress, Cell2in, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
                4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
                5Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
                6Medical Research Center, Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
                7Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Federico Mussano

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5520-6522
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2405-2740
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9177-4279
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0208-272X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9818-6661
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4903-7149
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0242-1736
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2720-6952
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0751-4288
                Article
                10.1155/2023/8815888
                10611545
                37900967
                d2312f42-4b99-41c3-833e-602245509b86
                Copyright © 2023 Soo-Jin Lee et al.

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 27 January 2023
                : 31 July 2023
                : 12 September 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: National Research Foundation of Korea
                Award ID: NRF-2017M3A9B4061890
                Funded by: Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning
                Award ID: 2021R1A2C3008021
                Funded by: Ministry of Health and Welfare
                Award ID: 21C0704L1-11
                Funded by: Health Fellowship Foundation
                Funded by: Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
                Categories
                Research Article

                Molecular medicine
                Molecular medicine

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                Related Documents Log