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      In Silico Study of Polymer Sheet Drying Process

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          Abstract

          In the last decades polymer sheets have been developed and used for various purposes, for example with electronic devices or solar cells. After polymer processing, they present a high residue of polymer solvent that should be reduced. Indeed, a high presence of solvent could affect their electrical properties or cause high levels of pollution. In addition, uncontrolled drying process can cause bubble formation with consequent film breakage. The aim of this work is to simplify the phenomena involved in the drying process in order to develop a mathematical model able to predict the time evolution of the composition and the mass of the polymer sheet. The model proposed here, therefore, is aimed at stimulating the industrial process and the results were verified against experimental data collected with cellulose acetate-based polymeric sheets. In addition, thanks to its simplicity and to the very low system requirements and central processing unit (CPU) time, our model gives immediate views of the system behavior.

          Most cited references22

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          Potassium-induced surface modification of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films for high-efficiency solar cells

          Thin-film photovoltaic devices based on chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorber layers show excellent light-to-power conversion efficiencies exceeding 20%. This high performance level requires a small amount of alkaline metals incorporated into the CIGS layer, naturally provided by soda lime glass substrates used for processing of champion devices. The use of flexible substrates requires distinct incorporation of the alkaline metals, and so far mainly Na was believed to be the most favourable element, whereas other alkaline metals have resulted in significantly inferior device performance. Here we present a new sequential post-deposition treatment of the CIGS layer with sodium and potassium fluoride that enables fabrication of flexible photovoltaic devices with a remarkable conversion efficiency due to modified interface properties and mitigation of optical losses in the CdS buffer layer. The described treatment leads to a significant depletion of Cu and Ga concentrations in the CIGS near-surface region and enables a significant thickness reduction of the CdS buffer layer without the commonly observed losses in photovoltaic parameters. Ion exchange processes, well known in other research areas, are proposed as underlying mechanisms responsible for the changes in chemical composition of the deposited CIGS layer and interface properties of the heterojunction.
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            Theory of chromatography. Part 10.—Formulæ for diffusion into spheres and their application to chromatography

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              Deposition of indium–tin-oxide films on polymer substrates for application in plastic-based flat panel displays

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ipp
                International Polymer Processing
                Carl Hanser Verlag
                0930-777X
                2195-8602
                11 August 2017
                : 32
                : 4
                : 474-482
                Affiliations
                1 Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
                Author notes
                [* ] Correspondence address, Mail address: Filippo Rossi, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy, E-mail: filippo.rossi@ 123456polimi.it
                Article
                IPP3388
                10.3139/217.3388
                d254ea25-7f49-4efb-9574-024e1cc4a7c6
                © 2017, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich
                History
                : 15 November 2016
                : 9 May 2017
                Page count
                References: 22, Pages: 9
                Product
                Self URI (journal page): http://www.hanser-elibrary.com/loi/ipp
                Categories
                Regular Contributed Articles

                Polymer science,Materials technology,Materials characterization,General engineering,Polymer chemistry

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