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      Frequency of Corneal Astigmatism in Patients Presenting for Senile Cataract Surgery at a Teaching Hospital in Indian Rural Population

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      Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology
      Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

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          Prevalence of corneal astigmatism before cataract surgery.

          To analyze the prevalence and presentation patterns of corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery candidates. University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Refractive and keratometric values were measured before surgery in patients having cataract extraction. Descriptive statistics of refractive and keratometric cylinder data were analyzed and correlated by age ranges. Refractive and keratometric data from 4,540 eyes of 2,415 patients (mean age 60.59 years +/- 9.87 [SD]; range 32 to 87 years) differed significantly when the patients were divided into 10-year subsets. There was a trend toward less negative corneal astigmatism values, except the steepest corneal radius and the J(45) vector component, in older groups (Kruskal-Wallis, P<.01). In 13.2% of eyes, no corneal astigmatism was present; in 64.4%, corneal astigmatism was between 0.25 and 1.25 diopters (D) and in 22.2%, it was 1.50 D or higher. Corneal astigmatism less than 1.25 D was present in most cataract surgery candidates; it was higher in about 22%, with slight differences between the various age ranges. This information is useful for intraocular lens (IOL) manufacturers to evaluate which age ranges concentrate the parameters most frequently needed in sphere and cylinder powers and for surgeons to evaluate which IOLs provide the most effective power range.
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            Correcting astigmatism with toric intraocular lenses: effect of posterior corneal astigmatism.

            To evaluate the impact of posterior corneal astigmatism on outcomes with toric intraocular lenses (IOLs). Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. Case series. Corneal astigmatism was measured using 5 devices before and 3 weeks after cataract surgery. Toric IOL alignment was recorded at surgery and at the slitlamp 3 weeks postoperatively. The actual corneal astigmatism was calculated based on refractive astigmatism 3 weeks postoperatively and the effective toric power calculated with the Holladay 2 formula. The prediction error was calculated as the difference between the astigmatism measured by each device and the actual corneal astigmatism. Vector analysis was used in all calculations. With the IOLMaster, Lenstar, Atlas, manual keratometer, and Galilei (combined Placido-dual Scheimpflug analyzer), the mean prediction errors (D) were, respectively, 0.59 @ 89.7, 0.48 @ 91.2, 0.51 @ 78.7, 0.62 @ 97.2, and 0.57 @ 93.9 for with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism (60 to 120 degrees), and 0.17 @ 86.2, 0.23 @ 77.7, 0.23 @ 91.4, 0.41 @ 58.4, and 0.12 @ 7.3 for against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism (0 to 30 degrees and 150 to 180 degrees). In the WTR eyes, there were significant WTR prediction errors (0.5 to 0.6 diopters [D]) by all devices. In ATR eyes, WTR prediction errors were 0.2 to 0.3 D by all devices except the Placido-dual Scheimpflug analyzer (all P<.05 with Bonferroni correction). Corneal astigmatism was overestimated in WTR by all devices and underestimated in ATR by all except the Placido-dual Scheimpflug analyzer. A new toric IOL nomogram is proposed. Copyright © 2013 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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              Analysis of biometry and prevalence data for corneal astigmatism in 23,239 eyes.

              To present and analyze biometry data sets and prevalence data for corneal astigmatism in a large population. High-volume eye surgery center, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany. Axial length (AL), corneal radii, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and horizontal corneal diameter (white-to-white [WTW] distance) were optically measured by partial coherence interferometry (IOLMaster). Patient data sets acquired between 2000 and 2006 were reviewed and analyzed. The study evaluated 23,239 data sets of 15,448 patients with a median age of 74 years. The mean values were as follows: AL, 23.43 mm +/- 1.51 (SD); corneal radius, 7.69 +/- 0.28 mm; WTW distance, 11.82 +/- 0.40 mm; and ACD, 3.11 +/- 0.43 mm. The ACD and axis of astigmatism were correlated with age. The AL, corneal radius, ACD, and WTW were correlated with one other. Eight percent of eyes had corneal astigmatism greater than 2.00 diopters (D), and 2.6% had more than 3.00 D. Astigmatism was with the rule (WTW) in 46.8% of eyes, against the rule in 34.4%, and oblique in 18.9%. High astigmatism was predominantly WTW. The results in this analysis might provide normative data for cataract patients and a useful reference for multiple purposes. The correlation of AL with corneal radius, ACD, and corneal diameter in normal eyes was not present in eyes with extreme myopia or hyperopia. Copyright (c) 2010 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology
                Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
                2162-0989
                2020
                March 2020
                January 09 2020
                : 9
                : 2
                : 126-129
                Article
                10.1097/APO.0000000000000262
                d287206b-04d5-49ce-9863-e7f4c4201f12
                © 2020
                History

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