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# Quantum Spacetime Phenomenology

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### Abstract

I review the current status of phenomenological programs inspired by quantum-spacetime research. I stress in particular the significance of results establishing that certain data analyses provide sensitivity to effects introduced genuinely at the Planck scale. And my main focus is on phenomenological programs that managed to affect the directions taken by studies of quantum-spacetime theories.

### Most cited references487

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### LIGO: The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory.

(1992)
The goal of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Project is to detect and study astrophysical gravitational waves and use data from them for research in physics and astronomy. LIGO will support studies concerning the nature and nonlinear dynamics of gravity, the structures of black holes, and the equation of state of nuclear matter. It will also measure the masses, birth rates, collisions, and distributions of black holes and neutron stars in the universe and probe the cores of supernovae and the very early universe. The technology for LIGO has been developed during the past 20 years. Construction will begin in 1992, and under the present schedule, LIGO's gravitational-wave searches will begin in 1998.
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### End to the Cosmic-Ray Spectrum?

(1966)
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### The Hierarchy Problem and New Dimensions at a Millimeter

(1998)
We propose a new framework for solving the hierarchy problem which does not rely on either supersymmetry or technicolor. In this framework, the gravitational and gauge interactions become united at the weak scale, which we take as the only fundamental short distance scale in nature. The observed weakness of gravity on distances $$\gsim$$ 1 mm is due to the existence of $$n \geq 2$$ new compact spatial dimensions large compared to the weak scale. The Planck scale $$M_{Pl} \sim G_N^{-1/2}$$ is not a fundamental scale; its enormity is simply a consequence of the large size of the new dimensions. While gravitons can freely propagate in the new dimensions, at sub-weak energies the Standard Model (SM) fields must be localized to a 4-dimensional manifold of weak scale "thickness" in the extra dimensions. This picture leads to a number of striking signals for accelerator and laboratory experiments. For the case of $$n=2$$ new dimensions, planned sub-millimeter measurements of gravity may observe the transition from $$1/r^2 \to 1/r^4$$ Newtonian gravitation. For any number of new dimensions, the LHC and NLC could observe strong quantum gravitational interactions. Furthermore, SM particles can be kicked off our 4 dimensional manifold into the new dimensions, carrying away energy, and leading to an abrupt decrease in events with high transverse momentum $$p_T \gsim$$ TeV. For certain compact manifolds, such particles will keep circling in the extra dimensions, periodically returning, colliding with and depositing energy to our four dimensional vacuum with frequencies of $$\sim 10^{12}$$ Hz or larger. As a concrete illustration, we construct a model with SM fields localised on the 4-dimensional throat of a vortex in 6 dimensions, with a Pati-Salam gauge symmetry $$SU(4) \times SU(2) \times SU(2)$$ in the bulk.
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### Author and article information

###### Journal
02 June 2008
2013-06-18
0806.0339
10.12942/lrr-2013-5

http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

###### Custom metadata
Living Rev.Rel. 16 (2013) 5
125 pages, LaTex. This V2 is updated and more detailed than the V1, particularly for quantum-spacetime phenomenology. The main text of this V2 is about 25% more than the main text of the V1. Reference list roughly doubled
gr-qc