Association between non-suicidal self-injuny and self-control among rural junior high school students in Guizhou Province

Abstract

Objective To understand the association between non-suicidal self-injury and self-control among rural junior high school students in Guizhou Province, and to provide reference for the development of prevention and control measures.

Methods Using a multistage stratified random cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey was administered to 4 452 junior high school students in 30 rural schools in Guizhou Province from November to December 2021 to investigate non-suicidal self-injury and self-control using the Non-suicidal Self-Injury Scale and the Self-Control Scale.

Results A total of 986 (22.2%) students had occasional non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors, 593 (13.3%) students reported frequent non-suicidal self-injury, and the occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury among junior high school students varied significantly by gender, grade, only child, residence, left-behind experiences, academic performance, academic pressure, parent-child relationship, peer relationship, teacher-student relationship, and exposure to domestic violence (χ ² = 6.97–168.68, P<0.05); the average score of self-control among junior high school students in rural Guizhou Province was 48.0 (39.0, 57.0), and the differences in self-control scores, impulse control, healthy habits, resist temptation, focus on work, and moderate entertainment were of statistical significance among students with varied frequency of self-injurious behavior ( Z=612.08, 464.64, 193.10, 228.86, 194.04, 542.20, P<0.05); high self-control score was associated with more non-suicidal self-injurious behavior ( OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.05–1.07, P<0.05).

Conclusion The prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury is high among rural junior high school students in Guizhou province, and self-control shows a predictive effect on non-suicidal self-injurious behavior. Schools, families and relevant government departments should pay full attention to it and formulate targeted prevention and control measures.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解贵州省农村初中生非自杀性自伤行为 (non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI) 与自我控制的关联, 为制定防控 措施提供参考。 方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法, 于 2021 年 11 一12 月对贵州省 30 所农村学校的 4 452 名初中 生进行问卷调査, 采用非自杀性自伤行为量表和自我控制量表测量其 NSSI 和自我控制状况。 结果 986 名 (22.2%) 学生 偶尔发生 NSSI, 593 名 (13.3%) 学生反复发生 NSSI, 不同性别、年级、独生子女、住宿、留守、学业成绩、学业压力、亲子关系、同伴关系、师生关系、遭受家庭暴力状况的初中生 NSSI 发生频率特征差异均有统计学意义 (χ ² =6.97~168.68, P 值均<0.05); 贵州省农村初中生自我控制得分为 48.0 (39.0, 57.0) 分, 不同自伤行为频率初中生自我控制得分及冲动控制、健康 习惯、抵制诱惑、专注工作、节制娱乐维度得分差异均有统计学意义 ( Z 值分别为 612.08, 464.64, 193.10, 228.86, 194.04, 542.20, P 值均<0.05); 自我控制得分髙与初中生 NSSI 发生呈正相关 ( OR =1.06, 95% CI = 1.05~1.07, P<0.05)。 结论 贵州 省农村初中生 NSSI 发生率较髙, 自我控制能力对 NSSI 有一定的预测作用。学校、家庭、政府相关部门应给予充分重视, 制 定针对性的防控措施。