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      Intellectual performance and ego depletion: Role of the self in logical reasoning and other information processing.

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      Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
      American Psychological Association (APA)

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          Abstract

          Some complex thinking requires active guidance by the self, but simpler mental activities do not. Depletion of the self's regulatory resources should therefore impair the former and not the latter. Resource depletion was manipulated by having some participants initially regulate attention (Studies 1 and 3) or emotion (Study 2). As compared with no-regulation participants who did not perform such exercises, depleted participants performed worse at logic and reasoning (Study 1), cognitive extrapolation (Study 2), and a test of thoughtful reading comprehension (Study 3). The same manipulations failed to cause decrements on a test of general knowledge (Study 2) or on memorization and recall of nonsense syllables (Study 3). Successful performance at complex thinking may therefore rely on limited regulatory resources.

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          Most cited references18

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          Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: a latent-variable approach.

          A study was conducted in which 133 participants performed 11 memory tasks (some thought to reflect working memory and some thought to reflect short-term memory), 2 tests of general fluid intelligence, and the Verbal and Quantitative Scholastic Aptitude Tests. Structural equation modeling suggested that short-term and working memories reflect separate but highly related constructs and that many of the tasks used in the literature as working memory tasks reflect a common construct. Working memory shows a strong connection to fluid intelligence, but short-term memory does not. A theory of working memory capacity and general fluid intelligence is proposed: The authors argue that working memory capacity and fluid intelligence reflect the ability to keep a representation active, particularly in the face of interference and distraction. The authors also discuss the relationship of this capability to controlled attention, and the functions of the prefrontal cortex.
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            Self-Regulation Failure: An Overview

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              Representativeness Revisited: Attribute Substitution in Intuitive Judgment

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                (View ORCID Profile)
                Journal
                Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
                Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
                American Psychological Association (APA)
                1939-1315
                0022-3514
                2003
                2003
                : 85
                : 1
                : 33-46
                Article
                10.1037/0022-3514.85.1.33
                12872883
                d3a0027e-7547-48a0-b89a-e14d1da99512
                © 2003
                History

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