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      Rapid and High-Throughput Detection of Highly Pathogenic Bacteria by Ibis PLEX-ID Technology

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          Abstract

          In this manuscript, we describe the identification of highly pathogenic bacteria using an assay coupling biothreat group-specific PCR with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS) run on an Ibis PLEX-ID high-throughput platform. The biothreat cluster assay identifies most of the potential bioterrorism-relevant microorganisms including Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis, Yersinia pestis, Burkholderia mallei and pseudomallei, Brucella species, and Coxiella burnetii. DNA from 45 different reference materials with different formulations and different concentrations were chosen and sent to a service screening laboratory that uses the PCR/ESI-MS platform to provide a microbial identification service. The standard reference materials were produced out of a repository built up in the framework of the EU funded project “Establishment of Quality Assurances for Detection of Highly Pathogenic Bacteria of Potential Bioterrorism Risk” (EQADeBa). All samples were correctly identified at least to the genus level.

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          Most cited references18

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          Ibis T5000: a universal biosensor approach for microbiology

          The Ibis T5000 couples nucleic acid amplification to high-performance electrospray mass spectrometry and base-composition analysis and enables the identification and quantification of all known bacteria, all major groups of pathogenic fungi and the major families of viruses that cause disease in humans and animals. Here, Ecker and colleagues describe this new technology.
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            Rapid identification and strain-typing of respiratory pathogens for epidemic surveillance.

            Epidemic respiratory infections are responsible for extensive morbidity and mortality within both military and civilian populations. We describe a high-throughput method to simultaneously identify and genotype species of bacteria from complex mixtures in respiratory samples. The process uses electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and base composition analysis of PCR amplification products from highly conserved genomic regions to identify and determine the relative quantity of pathogenic bacteria present in the sample. High-resolution genotyping of specific species is achieved by using additional primers targeted to highly variable regions of specific bacterial genomes. This method was used to examine samples taken from military recruits during respiratory disease outbreaks and for follow up surveillance at several military training facilities. Analysis of respiratory samples revealed high concentrations of pathogenic respiratory species, including Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Streptococcus pyogenes. When S. pyogenes was identified in samples from the epidemic site, the identical genotype was found in almost all recruits. This analysis method will provide information fundamental to understanding the polymicrobial nature of explosive epidemics of respiratory disease.
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              Direct broad-range detection of alphaviruses in mosquito extracts.

              Members of the genus Alphavirus are a diverse group of principally mosquito-borne RNA viruses. There are at least 29 species and many more subtypes of alphaviruses and some are considered potential bioweapons. We have developed a multi-locus RT-PCR followed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RT-PCR/ESI-MS) assay that uses the amplicon base compositions to detect and identify alphaviruses. A small set of primer pairs targeting conserved sites in the alphavirus RNA genome were used to amplify a panel of 36 virus isolates representing characterized Old World and New World alphaviruses. Base compositions from the resulting amplicons could be used to unambiguously determine the species or subtype of 35 of the 36 isolates. The assay detected, without culture, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), and mixtures of both in pools consisting of laboratory-infected and -uninfected mosquitoes. Further, the assay was used to detect alphaviruses in naturally occurring mosquito vectors collected from locations in South America and Asia. Mosquito pools collected near Iquitos, Peru, were found to contain an alphavirus with a very distinct signature. Subsequent sequence analysis confirmed that the virus was a member of the Mucambo virus species (subtype IIID in the VEEV complex). The assay we have developed provides a rapid, accurate, and high-throughput assay for surveillance of alphaviruses.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                1932-6203
                2012
                29 June 2012
                : 7
                : 6
                : e39928
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany
                [2 ]Ibis Biosciences, Inc., an Abbott Company, Carlsbad, California, United States of America
                [3 ]Athogen, Inc., Irvine, California, United States of America
                Naval Research Laboratory, United States of America
                Author notes

                Conceived and designed the experiments: DJ US RG. Performed the experiments: DJ US CW KSL. Analyzed the data: DJ US CW KSL RH RS DJE RG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RG DJE RS. Wrote the paper: RG RS DJE.

                Article
                PONE-D-11-24686
                10.1371/journal.pone.0039928
                3386907
                22768173
                d41d55cb-2cc3-483c-89bc-abfa453fafc2
                Jacob et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
                History
                : 1 December 2011
                : 4 June 2012
                Page count
                Pages: 6
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology
                Microbiology
                Virology
                Emerging Viral Diseases
                Viral Disease Diagnosis
                Bacterial Pathogens
                Emerging Infectious Diseases
                Medicine
                Diagnostic Medicine
                Test Evaluation
                Infectious Diseases
                Bacterial Diseases
                Bacillus Cereus Infection
                Bacterial Pneumonia
                Burkholderia Infection
                Rickettsia Prowazekii
                Rickettsia Rickettsii
                Rickettsia
                Salmonella
                Shigellosis
                Tularemia
                Vibrio Vulnificus
                Yersinia Pestis
                Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis
                Yersiniosis

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

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