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      Hematoma intramural persistente secundario a la disección de la arteria carótida interna Translated title: Persistent intramural hematoma secondary to an internal carotid artery dissection

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: la disección de la arteria carótida interna en pacientes con accidente cerebro vascular isquémico se diagnostica cada vez más. En adultos jóvenes representa un 20-25 %. Aún no se ha establecido un consenso respecto al diagnóstico y al tratamiento. Caso clínico: un hombre de 44 años presentó súbitamente cefalea junto a déficit motor y sensitivo en el miembro superior izquierdo después de realizar ejercicio físico. En la resonancia magnética se observó un infarto en el territorio de la arteria cerebral media derecha con transformación hemorrágica. En el angio TC de los troncos supraaórticos se observó un hematoma trombosado en la luz falsa de la disección de la carótida interna derecha. El paciente se recuperó espontáneamente. Al principio se mantuvo una actitud conservadora, pero al año de seguimiento hubo una progresión del hematoma que produjo una estenosis > 75 % de la arteria carótida interna derecha. Fue entonces cuando se optó por el implante de un stent no recubierto a este nivel. Discusión: el diagnóstico y el tratamiento temprano de la disección carotídea permiten evitar secuelas neurológicas incapacitantes. Para pacientes con disección carotídea se recomienda el seguimiento con ecografía Doppler semestral durante los primeros años.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: dissection of the internal carotid artery in patients who suff ered an ischemic stroke is increasingly being diagnosed. In young adults it represents 20-25 %. no consensus has been established regarding diagnosis and treatment. Case report: a 44-year-old man presented a sudden headache with motor and sensory defi cits in the left upper limb after doing physical exercise. on the MrI scan revealed an infarction in the right middle cerebral artery with a hemorrhagic transformation. CT angiography of the supra-aortic trunks showed a thrombosed hematoma in the false lumen of the right internal carotid dissection. The patient made a spontaneous recovery. at fi rst, we maintained a conservative attitude but after one year of monitoring, there was progression of the hematoma producing a steno- sis > 75 % of the right internal carotid artery. at this point it was decided to implant an uncovered stent at this level. Discussion: early diagnosis and treatment of carotid dissection makes possible preventing disabling neurological sequelae. In patients with carotid dissection it is recommended a biannual monitoring with a doppler ultrasound during the fi rst years.

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          Craniocervical arterial dissection: spectrum of imaging findings and differential diagnosis.

          Craniocervical artery dissection is a potentially disabling yet probably underrecognized condition that often occurs in young and middle-aged adults. Accurate and prompt diagnosis of this condition is crucial because timely and appropriate therapy can significantly reduce the risk of stroke and long-term sequelae. Because of the great diversity in the clinical features of craniocervical artery dissection, imaging plays a primary role in its diagnosis. The increased diagnosis of this disorder in the past two decades can be attributed to an increased awareness of the clinical manifestations of internal carotid artery and vertebral artery dissection and to use of noninvasive diagnostic imaging techniques. To achieve an accurate diagnosis of craniocervical artery dissection, it is important to be familiar with its pathologic features (intimal tear, intramural hematoma, and dissecting aneurysm); the spectrum of imaging findings at color duplex ultrasonography, computed tomographic angiography, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with MR angiography, and conventional angiography; and potential pitfalls in image interpretation. (c) RSNA, 2008.
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            Diagnosis and treatment of cervical artery dissection.

            Cervical artery dissection (CAD) is a major cause of stroke in the young. A mural hematoma is detected in most CAD patients. The intramural blood accumulation should not be considered a reason to withhold intravenous thrombolysis in patients with CAD-related stroke. Because intravenous-thrombolyzed CAD patients might not recover as well as other stroke patients, acute endovascular treatment is an alternative. Regarding the choice of antithrombotic agents, this article discusses the findings of 4 meta-analyses across observational data, the current status of 3 randomized controlled trials, and arguments and counterarguments favoring anticoagulants over antiplatelets. Furthermore, the role of stenting and surgery is addressed.
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              Imaging of Carotid Dissection.

              Here, we describe the four primary imaging modalities for identification of carotid artery dissection, advantages, limitations, and clinical considerations. In addition, imaging characteristics of carotid dissection associated with each modality will be described.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                angiologia
                Angiología
                Angiología
                Arán Ediciones S.L. (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0003-3170
                1695-2987
                August 2022
                : 74
                : 4
                : 177-180
                Affiliations
                [1] Sevilla orgnameClínica Lucq orgdiv1Servicio de Angiología, Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular Spain
                Article
                S0003-31702022000400006 S0003-3170(22)07400400006
                10.20960/angiologia.00377
                d43cc4c4-3ab1-48a5-acc7-6bcc22abc7b4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 January 2022
                : 14 December 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 8, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Casos Clínicos

                dissection,Stent,Arteria carótida,Disección,Carotid artery

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