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      La biofertilización y nutrición en el desarrollo de plántulas de chile serrano Translated title: Biofertilization and nutrition in the development of serrano pepper seedlings

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          Abstract

          Resumen La producción de plántulas de calidad es primordial para que durante el trasplante se propicie un crecimiento óptimo y buenos rendimientos del cultivo; por ello, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar el efecto de bacterias promotoras de crecimiento vegetal y el manejo de la nutrición en la fisiología y crecimiento de plántulas de chile serrano. En condiciones de invernadero se llevó a cabo un experimento, con chile serrano var. Tampiqueña 74, bajo un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial de 2×2×2. Los factores fueron: inoculación (con o sin Pseudomonas tolaasii), sustrato (con y sin esterilizar), y solución nutritiva (Steiner y té de vermicompost) con un total de ocho tratamientos con cuatro repeticiones cada uno. Los resultados indican que el efecto de P. tolaasii es altamente significativo en sustrato no esterilizado y con solución Steiner, donde las plántulas presentaron mayor altura, diámetro del tallo, área foliar, y la biomasa seca de parte aérea. Además, aumentó la concentración de NO3 en savia. Con el té de vermicompost la inoculación solo impactó en la longitud y volumen radical; mientras que con la solución Steiner únicamente tuvo efecto en el contenido nutritivo de N y K+ e índices de crecimiento. La inoculación de P. tolaasii en plántulas de chile serrano favorece la fisiología y concentración nutritiva siempre y cuando no se esterilice el sustrato. El menor efecto sobre las plántulas ocurre si sólo se suministra té de vermicompost.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The production of quality seedlings is essential for optimal growth and good crop yields during transplantation; therefore, the objective of the present investigation was to determine the effect of bacteria that promote plant growth and the management of nutrition in the physiology and growth of serrano pepper seedlings. Under greenhouse conditions, an experiment was carried out with serrano pepper var. Tampiqueña 74, under a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of 2 × 2 × 2. The factors were: inoculation (with or without Pseudomonas tolaasii), substrate (with and without sterilization), and nutrient solution (Steiner and vermicompost tea) with a total of eight treatments with four repetitions each. The results indicate that the effect of P. tolaasii is highly significant in non-sterilized substrate and with Steiner solution, where the seedlings presented higher height, stem diameter, leaf area, and the dry biomass of the aerial part. In addition, the NO3 concentration in sap increased. With the vermicompost tea the inoculation only impacted on the radical length and volume, while with the Steiner solution it only had an effect on the nutritional content of N and K+ and growth rates. The inoculation of P. tolaasii in serrano pepper seedlings favors the physiology and nutritional concentration as long as the substrate is not sterilized. The least effect on seedlings occurs if only vermicompost tea is supplied.

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          Most cited references43

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          Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria: Mechanisms and Applications

          The worldwide increases in both environmental damage and human population pressure have the unfortunate consequence that global food production may soon become insufficient to feed all of the world's people. It is therefore essential that agricultural productivity be significantly increased within the next few decades. To this end, agricultural practice is moving toward a more sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. This includes both the increasing use of transgenic plants and plant growth-promoting bacteria as a part of mainstream agricultural practice. Here, a number of the mechanisms utilized by plant growth-promoting bacteria are discussed and considered. It is envisioned that in the not too distant future, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) will begin to replace the use of chemicals in agriculture, horticulture, silviculture, and environmental cleanup strategies. While there may not be one simple strategy that can effectively promote the growth of all plants under all conditions, some of the strategies that are discussed already show great promise.
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            Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture.

            Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are the rhizosphere bacteria that can enhance plant growth by a wide variety of mechanisms like phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, biological nitrogen fixation, rhizosphere engineering, production of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC), quorum sensing (QS) signal interference and inhibition of biofilm formation, phytohormone production, exhibiting antifungal activity, production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), induction of systemic resistance, promoting beneficial plant-microbe symbioses, interference with pathogen toxin production etc. The potentiality of PGPR in agriculture is steadily increased as it offers an attractive way to replace the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other supplements. Growth promoting substances are likely to be produced in large quantities by these rhizosphere microorganisms that influence indirectly on the overall morphology of the plants. Recent progress in our understanding on the diversity of PGPR in the rhizosphere along with their colonization ability and mechanism of action should facilitate their application as a reliable component in the management of sustainable agricultural system. The progress to date in using the rhizosphere bacteria in a variety of applications related to agricultural improvement along with their mechanism of action with special reference to plant growth-promoting traits are summarized and discussed in this review.
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              Klebsiella sp. confers enhanced tolerance to salinity and plant growth promotion in oat seedlings (Avena sativa).

              Plant growth and yield is adversely affected by soil salinity. Salt tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strain IG 3 was isolated from rhizosphere of wheat plants. The isolate IG 3 was able to grow in presence of NaCl ranging from 0 to 20% in Luria Bertani medium. The present study was planned to evaluate the role of inoculation of PGPR strain IG 3 and its efficacy in augmenting salt tolerance in oat (Avena sativa) under NaCl stress (100mM). The physiological parameter such as shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and relative water content (RWC) were remarkably higher in IG 3 inoculated plants in comparison to un-inoculated plants under NaCl stress. Similarly, the biochemical parameters such as proline content, electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and activities of antioxidant enzymes were analyzed and found to be notably lesser in IG 3 inoculated oat plants in contrast to un-inoculated plants under salt stress. Inoculation of IG 3 strain to oat seedlings under salt stress positively modulated the expression profile of rbcL and WRKY1 genes. Root colonization of root surface and interior was demonstrated using scanning electron microscopy and tetrazolium staining, respectively. Due these outcomes, it could be implicated that inoculation of PGPR strain IG 3 enhanced plant growth under salt stress condition. This study demonstrates that PGPR play an imperative function in stimulating salt tolerance in plants and can be used as biofertilizer to enhance growth of crops in saline areas.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                remexca
                Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas
                Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc
                Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico )
                2007-0934
                June 2020
                : 11
                : 4
                : 699-712
                Affiliations
                [1] Montecillo orgnameColegio de Postgraduados Mexico ivan.cabanzo@ 123456gmail.com
                [2] Montecillo orgnameColegio de Postgraduados Mexico jlgcue@ 123456colpos.mx
                Article
                S2007-09342020000400699 S2007-0934(20)01100400699
                10.29312/remexca.v11i4.2121
                d4611f33-af04-4e39-b67c-f009ca843cb5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 April 2020
                : 01 February 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 43, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos

                almácigos,nutrición vegetal,rizobacterias,plant nutrition,rhizobacteria,seedlings

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