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      Quantum dots in nanomedicine: recent trends, advances and unresolved issues.

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          Abstract

          The review addresses the current state of progress in the use of ultra-small nanoparticles from the category of quantum dots (QDs), which presently embraces a widening range of nanomaterials of different nature, including "classical" semiconductor groups III-V and II-VI nanocrystals, along with more recently emerged carbon, silicon, gold and other types of nanoparticles falling into this class of nanomaterials due to their similar physical characteristics such as small size and associated quantum confinement effects. A diverse range of QDs applications in nanomedicine has been extensively summarised previously in numerous publications. Therefore, this review is not intended to provide an all-embracing survey of the well documented QDs uses, but is rather focused on the most recent emerging developments, concepts and outstanding unresolved problematic and sometimes controversial issues. Over 125 publications are overviewed and discussed here in the context of major nanomedicine domains, i.e. medical imaging, diagnostics, therapeutic applications and combination of them in multifunctional theranostic systems.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
          Biochemical and biophysical research communications
          Elsevier BV
          1090-2104
          0006-291X
          Dec 18 2015
          : 468
          : 3
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and AMBER Centre, Trinity College, Dublin 8, Ireland. Electronic address: yvolkov@tcd.ie.
          Article
          S0006-291X(15)30270-9
          10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.039
          26168726
          d48b4a19-8ef0-416c-a409-28efd9dc4056
          History

          Medical imaging,Nanomedicine,Nanoparticles,Quantum dots,Theranostics,Diagnostics

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