A Rapid In Situ Colorimetric Assay for Cobalt Detection by the Naked Eye

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Abstract

A simple, rapid, and convenient colorimetric chemosensor of a specific target toward the end user is still required for on-site detection and real-time monitoring applications. In this study, we developed a rapid in situ colorimetric assay for cobalt detection using the naked eye. Interestingly, a yellow to light orange visual color transition was observed within 3 s when a Chrysoidine G (CG) chemosensor was exposed to cobalt. Surprisingly, the CG chemosensor had great selectivity toward cobalt without any interference of other metal ions. Under optimized conditions, a lower detection limit of 0.1 ppm via a spectrophotometer and a visual detection limit of 2 ppm with a linear range from 0.4 to 1 ppm (R ² = 0.97) were determined. Moreover, the CG chemosensor is reversible and maintains its functionality after treatment with chelating agents. In conclusion, we show the superior capabilities of the CG chemosensor, which has the potential to provide extremely facile handling, high sensitivity, and a fast response time for applications of on-site detection to real-time cobalt monitoring for the general public.

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Sensing colorimetric approaches based on gold and silver nanoparticles aggregation: chemical creativity behind the assay. A review.

Diana Vilela, Maria GONZALEZ, Alberto Escarpa (2012)

Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is one of the most remarkable features of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Due to these inherent optical properties, colloidal solutions of Au and Ag NPs have high extinction coefficients and different colour in the visible region of the spectrum when they are well-spaced in comparison with when they are aggregated. Therefore, a well-designed chemical interaction between the analyte and NPs surroundings leads to a change of colour (red to blue for Au NPs and yellow to brown for Ag NPs from well-spaced to aggregated ones, respectively) allowing the visual detection of the target analyte. These approaches have exhibited an excellent analytical performance with high sensitivities due to the strong LSPR and excellent selectivity strategically driven by the interaction analyte-NPs surroundings involving mainly electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions as well as donor-acceptor chemical reactions, among others. In addition, this kind of colorimetric assays has received considerable attention in the analytical field because of their simplicity and low cost since they do not require any expensive or complex instrumentation. As a consequence of this, detection of molecules with a high significance in the bio-medical, clinical, food safety and environmental fields including DNA, proteins and a wide spectrum of organic molecules as well as inorganic ions have been impressively reported in the most relevant literature using these assays. This timely review offers a rational vision of the main achievements yielded in the relevant literature according to this exciting and creative analytical field.

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Formation and stability of inorganic complexes in solution

P Job, Job, P. Job (1928)

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Simultaneous preconcentration and determination of copper, nickel, cobalt and lead ions content by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

Farshid Farnood Ahmadi, Mehrorang Ghaedi, Ardeshir Shokrollahi (2007)

A sensitive and simple method for the simultaneous preconcentration of nutritionally important minerals in real samples has been reported. The method is based on the formation of metal complexes by 4,6-dihydroxy-2-mercaptopyrimidine (DHMP) loaded on activated carbon. The metals content on the complexes are then eluted using 5 mL 2M HNO(3) in acetone, which are detected by AAS at resonance line. In this procedure, minerals such as Cu, Ni, Pb and Co could be analyzed in one run by caring out the simultaneous separation and quantification of them. At optimum condition the response are linear over concentration range of 0.04-1.1 microg mL(-1) for Ni(2+) and 0.04-1.0 microg mL(-1) for Cu(2+), Pb(2+) and Co(2+). The detection limits of each element are expressed as the amount of analytes in ng mL(-1) giving a signal to noise ratio of 3 are equal to 3.5, 3.4, 2.9 and 8.4 for Ni(2+), Co(2+), Cu(2+) and Pb(2+). The sorption capacity was determined by saturating 0.5 g solid phase. The loading capacity are 0.54, 0.53, 0.63 and 0.45 mg g(-1) for Ni(2+), Co(2+), Cu(2+) and Pb(2+). The ability of method for repeatable recovery of trace ion are 99.0, 98.9, 99.2 and 98.8 with R.S.D. of 1.4, 1.3, 1.2 and 1.4 for Ni(2+), Co(2+), Cu(2+) and Pb(2+). The low detection limits of these elements in this technique make it a superior alternative to UV-vis and in several applications, also an alternative to ICP-MS techniques. The method has been successfully applied for these metals content evaluation in some real samples including natural water, leaves of spinach and cow liver.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Jong Seung Kim: Role: Academic Editor

Min Hee Lee: Role: Academic Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sensors (Basel)

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sensors (Basel)

Journal ID (publisher-id): sensors

Title: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 1424-8220

Publication date (Electronic): 02 May 2016

Publication date Collection: May 2016

Volume: 16

Issue: 5

Electronic Location Identifier: 626

Affiliations

[1 ]Biotechnology Research Division, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Korea; smk@ 123456kaeri.re.kr (S.-M.K.); jsc@ 123456kaeri.re.kr (S.-C.J.); kgy@ 123456kaeri.re.kr (G.Y.K.)

[2 ]Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea

[3 ]Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Korea

[4 ]Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, Korea

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: rhadum@ 123456cnu.ac.kr (C.-S.L.); yunsuk.huh@ 123456inha.ac.kr (Y.S.H.); chroh@ 123456kaeri.re.kr (C.R.); Tel.: +82-42-821-5896 (C.-S.L.); +82-32-860-9177 (Y.S.H.); +82-63-570-3133 (C.R.)

[†]

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Article

Publisher ID: sensors-16-00626

DOI: 10.3390/s16050626

PMC ID: 4883317

PubMed ID: 27144568

SO-VID: d4f52c41-80d9-4d08-9f67-67fdc43b9b7a

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This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

A Rapid In Situ Colorimetric Assay for Cobalt Detection by the Naked Eye

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Journal of Disability Research

Most cited references 46

Sensing colorimetric approaches based on gold and silver nanoparticles aggregation: chemical creativity behind the assay. A review.

Formation and stability of inorganic complexes in solution

Simultaneous preconcentration and determination of copper, nickel, cobalt and lead ions content by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

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