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      613. Transmission of Influenza Virus in Mother and Infant Transmission Events in Nepal

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          Abstract

          Background

          Influenza immunization of pregnant women provides protection of the infant against influenza disease. A potential mechanism of protection is prevention of maternal illness that may result in secondary transmission to infants. We aim to characterize influenza transmission in mother–infant pairs.

          Methods

          Pregnant mothers were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of influenza immunization in rural Nepal from April 2011 to April 2013. Mothers and infants were surveyed weekly until 180 days post-partum for respiratory illness and mid-nasal swabs were collected at time of illness and tested for influenza virus by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We defined a transmission episode as a mother–infant pair with an influenza-positive illness within 14 days of each other. Influenza viruses were strain-typed by RT-PCR and/or mass spectrometry.

          Results

          Seventeen mother–infant transmission episodes occurred with maternal illness preceding infant illness in 12 (70.6%). Of transmission pairs, 12 (70.6%) were influenza B, three (17.6%) H3N2 influenza A, one (5.9%) H1N1 influenza A, and one (5.9%) unspecified influenza A. Five (29.4%) mothers received the influenza vaccine. Successful strain-typing with RT-PCR/mass spectrometry of 11 pairs revealed that 10 (90.9%) were synonymous strains. Figure 1 shows the start of respiratory symptoms and virus type associated with influenza illness in the 17 mother–infant pairs.

          Conclusion

          Mothers are an important source of infant influenza infection. Transmission was confirmed with nearly all paired transmissions demonstrating a similar strain. The majority of transmission events occurred in nonvaccinated mother–infant pairs.

          Figure 1: Influenza transmission events in mother–infant pairs. Symbols represent first day of respiratory symptoms associated with influenza-positive illness.

          Disclosures

          J. Englund, GlaxoSmithKline: Investigator, Research grant. MedImmune: Investigator, Research grant. Gilead: Investigator, Research grant. Novavax: Investigator, Research grant. Chimerix: Investigator, Research grant. Alios: Investigator, Research grant. H. Chu, Sanofi-Pasteur: Grant Investigator, Grant recipient.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Open Forum Infect Dis
          Open Forum Infect Dis
          ofid
          Open Forum Infectious Diseases
          Oxford University Press (US )
          2328-8957
          November 2018
          26 November 2018
          26 November 2018
          : 5
          : Suppl 1 , ID Week 2018 Abstracts
          : S223-S224
          Affiliations
          [1 ]School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
          [2 ]Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
          [3 ]Basic Sciences Division and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
          [4 ]Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
          [5 ]Pediatrics and Child Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
          [6 ]George Washington University, Washington, DC
          [7 ]Division of Infectious Diseases, Global Health Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
          [8 ]Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
          [9 ]NNIPS, Baltimore, Maryland
          [10 ]Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
          [11 ]Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
          Article
          ofy210.620
          10.1093/ofid/ofy210.620
          6254034
          d51c828f-19de-437a-a9d2-d292ee087610
          © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.

          This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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          Page count
          Pages: 2
          Categories
          Abstracts
          Poster Abstracts

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