51
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Mitochondrial DNA Signature for Range-Wide Populations of Bicyclus anynana Suggests a Rapid Expansion from Recent Refugia

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          This study investigates the genetic diversity, population structure and demographic history of the afrotropical butterfly Bicyclus anynana using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Samples from six wild populations covering most of the species range from Uganda to South Africa were compared for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit gene (COI). Molecular diversity indices show overall high mtDNA diversity for the populations, but low nucleotide divergence between haplotypes. Our results indicate relatively little geographic population structure among the southern populations, especially given the extensive distributional range and an expectation of limited gene flow between populations. We implemented neutrality tests to assess signatures of recent historical demographic events. Tajima's D test and Fu's F S test both suggested recent population growth for the populations. The results were only significant for the southernmost populations when applying Tajima's D, but Fu's F S indicated significant deviations from neutrality for all populations except the one closest to the equator. Based on our own findings and those from pollen and vegetation studies, we hypothesize that the species range of B. anynana was reduced to equatorial refugia during the last glacial period, and that the species expanded southwards during the past 10.000 years. These results provide crucial background information for studies of phenotypic and molecular adaptation in wild populations of B. anynana.

          Related collections

          Most cited references31

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations.

          M Slatkin (1987)
          There is abundant geographic variation in both morphology and gene frequency in most species. The extent of geographic variation results from a balance of forces tending to produce local genetic differentiation and forces tending to produce genetic homogeneity. Mutation, genetic drift due to finite population size, and natural selection favoring adaptations to local environmental conditions will all lead to the genetic differentiation of local populations, and the movement of gametes, individuals, and even entire populations--collectively called gene flow--will oppose that differentiation. Gene flow may either constrain evolution by preventing adaptation to local conditions or promote evolution by spreading new genes and combinations of genes throughout a species' range. Several methods are available for estimating the amount of gene flow. Direct methods monitor ongoing gene flow, and indirect methods use spatial distributions of gene frequencies to infer past gene flow. Applications of these methods show that species differ widely in the gene flow that they experience. Of particular interest are those species for which direct methods indicate little current gene flow but indirect methods indicate much higher levels of gene flow in the recent past. Such species probably have undergone large-scale demographic changes relatively frequently.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Phylogeography: the history and formation of species

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Effects of purifying and adaptive selection on regional variation in human mtDNA.

              A phylogenetic analysis of 1125 global human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences permitted positioning of all nucleotide substitutions according to their order of occurrence. The relative frequency and amino acid conservation of internal branch replacement mutations was found to increase from tropical Africa to temperate Europe and arctic northeastern Siberia. Particularly highly conserved amino acid substitutions were found at the roots of multiple mtDNA lineages from higher latitudes. These same lineages correlate with increased propensity for energy deficiency diseases as well as longevity. Thus, specific mtDNA replacement mutations permitted our ancestors to adapt to more northern climates, and these same variants are influencing our health today.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                1932-6203
                2011
                22 June 2011
                : 6
                : 6
                : e21385
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
                [2 ]Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
                [3 ]Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
                [4 ]Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
                [5 ]Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
                Rutgers University, United States of America
                Author notes

                Conceived and designed the experiments: MAdJ PMB BJZ. Performed the experiments: MAdJ MvE. Analyzed the data: MAdJ NW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MAdJ NW PMB BJZ. Wrote the paper: MAdJ PMB BJZ. Collected the samples: MAdJ.

                Article
                PONE-D-11-02480
                10.1371/journal.pone.0021385
                3120877
                21731725
                d523f74c-73b6-413e-abb6-7d3c70387b73
                de Jong et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
                History
                : 1 February 2011
                : 31 May 2011
                Page count
                Pages: 5
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology
                Computational Biology
                Population Genetics
                Evolutionary Biology
                Evolutionary Processes
                Adaptation
                Evolutionary Systematics
                Phylogenetics
                Forms of Evolution
                Divergent Evolution
                Population Genetics
                Gene Flow
                Haplotypes
                Natural Selection
                Evolutionary Ecology
                Evolutionary Genetics
                Genetics
                Population Genetics
                Population Biology
                Population Genetics

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article