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      Inhibition of porcine circovirus type 1 and type 2 production in PK-15 cells by small interfering RNAs targeting the Rep gene

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          Abstract

          Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) and type 2 (PCV2) are two genotypes of porcine circovirus. Both of them are presumed to be widespread in the swine population. Currently, there is no specific treatment for their infections. RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific RNA degradation mechanism mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA), which represents a possible therapeutic application for the treatment of viral infections. In this study, three siRNA expression plasmids (pS-RepA, pS-RepB and pS-RepC) were generated to target three different coding regions of the Rep protein (Rep) of PCV. These siRNAs were used to inhibit PCV production in a porcine kidney cell line, PK-15 cells. Our results revealed that Rep gene expression was inhibited by pS-RepA, pS-RepB and pS-RepC to different degrees. Moreover, our study also showed that the production of PCV1 and PCV2 was reduced by these siRNAs. pS-RepC, which targets the middle region of Rep gene, proved to be the most efficient siRNA for inhibition of Rep expression and viral production. Taken together, our data suggest that RNAi could be investigated as a potential treatment for PCV infection.

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          Inhibition of influenza virus production in virus-infected mice by RNA interference.

          Qing Ge, Tam Nguyen, Ailin Bai … (2004)
          Influenza A virus infection is a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Because the effectiveness of existing vaccines and antiviral drugs is limited, development of new treatment modalities is needed. Here, we show that short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) specific for conserved regions of influenza virus genes can prevent and treat influenza virus infection in mice. Virus production in lungs of infected mice is reduced by siRNAs given either before or after initiating virus infection, by using slow i.v. administration of small volumes containing siRNAs in complexes with a polycation carrier. Similar effects also are observed when mice are given DNA vectors i.v. or intranasally, from which siRNA precursors can be transcribed. Development of delivery systems that may be compatible with human use demonstrates the potential utility of siRNAs for prophylaxis and therapy of influenza virus infections in humans.
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            Inhibition of HIV-1 infection by small interfering RNA-mediated RNA interference.

            John Capodici, Drew Weissman, Katalin Karikó (2002)
            RNA interference (RNAi) is an ancient antiviral response that processes dsRNA and associates it into a nuclease complex that identifies RNA with sequence homology and specifically cleaves it. We demonstrate that RNAi mediated by 21-bp dsRNA specifically inhibits HIV-1 infection of permanent cell lines and primary CD4(+) T cells. Inhibition of HIV replication was measured by p24 Gag protein content in supernatant, Northern blot analysis, and DNA PCR for products of reverse transcription. The inhibition occurred at two points in the viral life cycle, after fusion and before reverse transcription and during transcription of viral RNA from integrated provirus. Treatment of HIV-infected activated CD4(+) T cells with a fluorine-derivatized siRNA that is resistant to RNase A yielded similar inhibition of HIV infection. In addition, the derivatized siRNA could be delivered without lipofectin complexing and in the presence of serum. The identification of RNAi activity against HIV-1 presents a new approach to study viral infections and a proof of concept of RNAi antiviral activity in mammalian cells.
            Article 0 comments Cited 58 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Pathogenesis of porcine circovirus; experimental infections of colostrum deprived piglets and examination of pig foetal material.

              G.M. Allan, F McNeilly, J.P. Cassidy … (1995)
              The results of virus and antigen distribution following experimental infection of colostrum deprived pigs with pig circovirus (PCV) by oral/nasal and intravenous routes are reported. PCV and antigen were detected using virus isolation and indirect immunofluorescence on cryostat sections respectively. PCV antigen was detected in tissues throughout the body but primarily in spleen thymus, and lung. No PCV antigen or virus was detected in tissue samples from the central nervous system. Examination of pig foetal material from field cases of abortion/stillbirth resulted in 3 PCV isolates from 2 sera and a spleen sample from 2 groups of stillborn piglets from the same farm. No antibody to PCV alone was detected in 160 foetal sera tested. These results suggest that transplacental infection with PCV does occur, possibly prior to foetal immunocompetance. However, it is probably not a significant cause of reproductive disorders in pigs in Northern Ireland.
              Article 0 comments Cited 55 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Shengbo Cao
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Vet Microbiol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Vet. Microbiol
                Title: Veterinary Microbiology
                Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
                ISSN (Print): 0378-1135
                ISSN (Electronic): 1873-2542
                Publication date PMC-release: 14 March 2007
                Publication date (Print): 20 July 2007
                Publication date (Electronic): 14 March 2007
                Volume: 123
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 203-209
                Affiliations
                [a ]State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
                [b ]Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetic and Breeding of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 27 87288629; fax: +86 27 87281795. sbcao@ 123456mail.hzau.edu.cn
                [1]

                These authors contributed equally to this study.

                Article
                Publisher ID: S0378-1135(07)00134-4
                DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.03.005
                PMC ID: 7117131
                PubMed ID: 17467930
                SO-VID: d528c271-0be7-480e-9361-a07a2adfc2bc
                Copyright statement: Copyright © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                Date received : 19 December 2006
                Date revision received : 28 February 2007
                Date accepted : 8 March 2007
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Veterinary medicine
                Keywords: porcine circovirus,small interfering rna,production
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Veterinary medicine
                Keywords: porcine circovirus, small interfering rna, production

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