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      Phyllanthus kaweesakii (Phyllanthaceae), a new species from Thailand

      1 , 2 , 3 , 1
      Botany
      Canadian Science Publishing

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          Abstract

          Phyllanthus kaweesakii Pornp., Chantar. & J.Parn. sp. nov. is newly described from the limestone mountain ridges in the northeast of Thailand. Comparison of morphology, anatomy, pollen morphology, and DNA sequences of this species with the most similar existing species P. mirabilis Müll.Arg. was undertaken. The results indicated that the two taxa are different in morphology, especially habit, stem base, and inflorescence, but that their pollen morphology and anatomy are similar. The molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on sequences of the plastid matK and nuclear ribosomal ITS regions, supported separation of the two taxa. This new species is described and illustrated, and its conservation status is discussed.

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          The Bases of Angiosperm Phylogeny: Palynology

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            matK DNA Sequences and Phylogenetic Reconstruction in Saxifragaceae s. str.

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              Phylogenetics of tribe Phyllantheae (Phyllanthaceae; Euphorbiaceae sensu lato) based on nrITS and plastid matK DNA sequence data.

              Phylogenetic relationships within tribe Phyllantheae, the largest tribe of the family Phyllanthaceae, were examined with special emphasis on the large genus Phyllanthus. Nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid matK DNA sequence data for 95 species of tribe Phyllantheae, including representatives of all subgenera of Phyllanthus (except Cyclanthera) and several hitherto unplaced infrageneric groups, were analyzed. Results for ITS and matK are generally concordant, although some species are placed differently in the plastid and ITS trees, indicating that hybridization/paralogy is involved. Results confirm paraphyly of Phyllanthus in its traditional circumscription with embedded Breynia, Glochidion, Reverchonia, and Sauropus. We favor the inclusion of the embedded taxa in Phyllanthus over further generic segregation. Monophyletic Phyllanthus comprises an estimated 1269 species, making it one of the "giant" genera. Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is sister to all other species of Phyllanthus, and the genus appears to be of paleotropical origin. Subgenera Isocladus, Kirganelia, and Phyllanthus are polyphyletic, whereas other subgenera appear to be monophyletic. Monotypic Reverchonia is sister to P. abnormis, arborescent section Emblica to herbaceous Urinaria, free-floating aquatic P. fluitans to the weed P. caroliniensis, and the phyllocladous section Choretropsis to the delicate leafy P. claussenii. The unique branching architecture known as "phyllanthoid branching" found in most Phyllanthus taxa has been lost (and/or has been derived) repeatedly. Taxonomic divisions within Phyllantheae based on similar pollen morphology are confirmed, and related taxa share similar distributions. We recommend recognition of six clades at generic level: Flueggea s.l. (including Richeriella), Lingelsheimia, Margaritaria, Phyllanthus s.l. (including Breynia, Glochidion, Reverchonia, and Sauropus), P. diandrus, and Savia section Heterosavia.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Botany
                Botany
                Canadian Science Publishing
                1916-2790
                1916-2804
                June 2017
                June 2017
                : 95
                : 6
                : 567-577
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Applied Taxonomic Research Center, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
                [2 ]Herbarium, Department of Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
                [3 ]Department of Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
                Article
                10.1139/cjb-2016-0298
                d52bf745-be79-4f91-b166-58a233c86a55
                © 2017

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