Objective To explore mediating effect of shame on parent-child attachment and bullying among high school students, and to provide the basis for school bullying prevention among high school students.
Methods From September to November 2018, a total of 1 149 students’ bullying behavior from 4 high schools in Shenyang and Xinxiang, were investigated with the Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment, Middle School Students’ Bullying Scale and Middle School Students’ Shame Scale.
Results About 31.07% of the subjects involved in school bullying. The report rates of bullying among boys, high school students of second grade, only child, students from rural area were higher ( P<0.01). Mother-child attachment was negatively correlated with traditional and cyber bullying ( r = −0.14, −0.21, −0.20, P<0.01). Father-child attachment was negatively correlated with traditional and cyber bullying ( r =−0.19, −0.21, −0.19, P<0.01). Shame was positively correlated with traditional bullying and cyber bullying ( r = 0.20, 0.19, P<0.01). Shame mediates mother-child attachment, traditional and cyber bullying, accounting for 11.78% and 15.70% of the total effects. Shame mediates father-child attachment, traditional and cyber bullying, accounting for 15.17% and 17.43% of the total effect.
Conclusion Mother-child and father-child attachment have direct effect on school bullying, and indirect effect on school bullying through shame.
【摘要】 目的 评价羞耻倾向在高中生亲子依恋和欺凌间的作用, 为开展高中校园欺凌行为的防控工作提供依据。 方法 2018 年 9−11 月, 采用青少年亲子与同伴依恋量表、中学生欺凌行为问卷和中学生羞耻感量表, 对方便抽取的辽宁 省沈阳市和河南省新乡市 4 所高中 1 149 名学生的欺凌实施行为进行调查。 结果 31.07% 高中生涉及欺凌, 男生、高二学 生、独生子女、农村学生总体实施欺凌报告率均较高 ( P 值均<0.01)。母子依恋与羞耻倾向、传统欺凌、网络欺凌均呈负相 关 ( r 值分别为 −0.14, −0.21, −0.20, P 值均<0.01); 父子依恋与羞耻倾向、传统欺凌、网络欺凌呈负相关 ( r 值分别为 −0.19, −0.21, −0.19, P 值均<0.01); 羞耻倾向分别与传统欺凌、网络欺凌呈正相关 ( r 值分别为 0.20, 0.19, P 值均<0.01)。羞耻倾 向在母子依恋与传统欺凌、网络欺凌中均起中介作用, 中介效应分别占总效应的 11.78% 和 15.70%。羞耻倾向在父子依恋 与传统欺凌、网络欺凌中均起中介作用, 分别占总效应的 15.17%, 17.43%。 结论 母子依恋、父子依恋既可以对高中生欺 凌实施行为产生直接作用, 又可以通过羞耻倾向间接作用于高中生欺凌实施。